Electron-spin echo envelope modulation ESEEM spectroscopy

Y. Deligiannakis, M. Louloudi and N. Hadjiliadis, Electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy as a tool to investigate the coordination environment of metal centers, Coord. Chem. Rev., 2000, 204, 1. 

Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy... 

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy, Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR) Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy of Inorganic/Organometallic Molecules. 

The intent of this chapter is not to survey noninvasive surface spectroscopy but to illustrate briefly how it is applied to resolve the Stummian issue of whether inner-sphere surface complexes form. For this purpose, the application of electron spin resonance (ESR), electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), and electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopies to elucidate metal cation speciation and the use of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to detect surface anion species will be described. Emphasis will be on the interpretation of spectra. Sample preparation and instrumentation details were reviewed in recent volumes edited by Hawthorne (55) and Perry (27). Because the constant capacitance model was developed in the context of adsorption by hydrous oxides, these... 

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a very powerful and sensitive method for the characterization of the electronic structures of materials with unpaired electrons. There is a variety of ESR techniques, each with its own advantages. In continuous wave ESR (CW-ESR), the sample is subjected to a continuous beam of microwave irradiation of fixed frequency and the magnetic field is swept. Different microwave frequencies may be used and they are denoted as S-band (3.5 GHz),X-band (9.25 GHz), K-band (20 GHz), Q-band (35 GHz) and W-band (95 GHz). Other techniques, such as electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) and electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopies, record in essence the NMR spectra of paramagnetic species. 

S.A. EMkanov, Yu.D. Tsvetkov Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy) CRC Press, Inc. - Boca Raton, FL (1992). 

Pulsed EPR is becoming more widely available. A 90° pulse is typically in the range of 10 to 30 ns. The free induction decay, FID, after such a pulse can be used to measure the electron spin relaxation time or to monitor the decay of radicals that have been produced by some fast method, such as flash photolysis or pulse radiolysis. Electron spin-echo envelope modulation, ESEEM, spectroscopy is a pulse method used primarily for detecting weak hyperfine coulping. 

Dikanov SA, Tsvetkov YuD. 1992. Electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy. Boca Raton CRC Press. 

Dikanov SA, Liboiron BD, Thompson KH, Vera E, Yuen VG, McNeill JH, Orvig C. 1999. In vivo electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy first observation of vanadyl coordination to phosphate in bone. J Am Chem Soc 121 11004-11005. 

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