Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy magic-angle spinning method

The most important experimental techniques in this field are structural analyses by both X-ray and neutron diffraction methods, and infrared and Raman spectroscopic measurements. Less frequently used techniques are nuclear magnetic resonance, both broad band NMR spectroscopy and magic angle spinning methods (MAS), nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR), inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering, conductivity and permittivity measurements as well as thermal analyses such as difference thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TG and DTG) for phase transition studies. 

Characterization of modified surfaces is also possible via MAS (magic angle spin-ning)-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. Bound and physiochemi-cally absorbed silane can be distinguished by this method [26]. Comparative H -NMR spectra of 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Dynasylan DAMO) and 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (Dynasylan 1411) are shown in Figures 4.6 and 4.7. 

Both of these methods have been used for DOM isolation from major rivers and the surface ocean, and the general characteristics of these fractions of DOM are presented in Table I. The major C functional groups of humic substances and ultrafiltered DOM (UDOM) have been characterized by solid-state, cross-polarization magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The samples of humic substances that were characterized by NMR spectroscopy were collected from the Amazon River... 

Several physical methods have been employed to ascertain the existence and nature of ICs infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy,14 including JH nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) difference spectroscopy, H 2-D rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (2-D ROESY),15 and solid-state 13C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) spectroscopy 16 induced circular dichroism (ICD) absorption spectroscopy 17 powder and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction 18 and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS). 

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