Liquid Sorbitol

Cetomacrogol emulsifying wax (BP) 15 g. Sorbic acid 200 mg, Decyl oleate 20 g, Sorbitol, liquid (crystallising) 4 g. Water, purified 60,8 g. Total 100 g... 

The Ph. Eur. describes two qualities of the 70 % solution of sorbitol Sorbitol, liquid (crystallisable) and Sorbitol, liquid (non-cristallisable). The solution is supersaturated (see Sect. 18.1.6). The crystallisable solution has the disadvantage that during storage sorbitol may crystallise. The non-crystallisable solution has a higher percentage of allowed impurities. Therefore the crystallisable form is preferable for pharmaceutical preparations. The solution can only be used after any crystals have been redissolved by gentle heating. 

The 1995 Canadian and United States sugar alcohol (polyol) production is shown in Table 2. The market share of each is also given. Liquids comprise 48% crystalline product comprises 39% and mannitol comprises 13% of the polyol market. An estimate of total U.S. sorbitol capacity for 1995 on a 70% solution basis was 498,000 t. ADM, Decatur, lU., produced 68,200 t Ethichem, Easton, Pa., 13,600 t Lon2a, Mapleton, lU., 45,400 t Roquette America, Gurnee, lU., 68,200 t and SPI Polyols, New Castle, Del., 75,000 t (204). Hoffman-LaRoche, which produces sorbitol for captive usage in the manufacture of Vitamin C (see Vitamins), produced about 27,300 t in 1995. 

Sorbitol is produced by a gas-liquid-particle process in which a solution of glucose is hydrogenated in the presence of a solid catalyst consisting of nickel on diatomaceous earth carrier (B6). 

Citrocarbonate Effervescent Granules—sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate anhydrous Di-Gel Liquid—aluminum hydroxide, simethicone, saccharin, sorbitol, parabens... 

Gaviscon Extra Strength Reliever Formula Liquid—aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, parabens, EDTA, saccharin, sorbitol, simethicone, sodium alginate... 

Mylanta Liquid—simethicone, sorbitol Nephrox Liquid—aluminum hydroxide, mineral oil Original Alka-Seltzer Effervescent Tablets—sodium bicarbonate, aspirin, citric acid, phenylalanine Riopan Plus—magaldrate, simethicone, sorbitol, sucrose Riopan Plus Suspension—magaldrate, simethicone, saccharin, sorbitol... 

Rulox Plus—aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone, sugar, saccharin, dextrose Rulox Suspension—aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, parabens, sorbitol, saccharin Simaal Gel 2 Liquid—aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone... 

If a liquid dosage form of a medication exists, it would seem rational to use this dosage form for administration through a feeding tube. Although such a decision may decrease the potential for tube clogging, it may in some instances decrease tolerability of the medication administration. Sorbitol is an excipient found in many liquid medications in amounts sufficient to cause diarrhea. If diarrhea secondary to sorbitol in a liquid medication is suspected in a patient on EN, contact with the manufacturer to ascertain sorbitol content may be necessary. 

Compressible sugar Confectioner s sugar Dextrose Glycerin Lactose Liquid glucose Maltitol solution Mannitol Sorbitol Sucrose Xylitol Intense... 

A wider problem exists with the possible role of liquid medications in dental caries formation [63], The extent of acid production in the oral cavity is closely related to caries formation. In a study of liquid medication, investigators have observed that medications with sucrose concentrations higher than 15% were able to significantly lower pH there was an inverse relation between sucrose content and a decrease in oral cavity pH [64], In a comparison of sorbitol and sucrose-sweetened liquid iron preparations, only sucrose-containing products produced a significant decrease in oral cavity pH [65],... 

Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol, with a high caloric content. In a survey of 129 oral liquid dosage forms stocked at a large university teaching hospital, 42% contained sorbitol [66]. The sorbitol concentration in the identified products varied from 3.5 to 72% w/v (0.175-3.6 g/mL). 

D. Lutomski, M. Gora, S. Wright, and J. Martin, Sorbitol content of selected oral liquids, Ann. Pharmacother, 27, 269 (1993). 

Soltzberg, Goepp and Freudenberg10 proved the constitution of arlitan by a synthetic method. They obtained a liquid tetramethyl derivative of arlitan, characterized it by its boiling point, density and refractive index, and compared it with 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-l,4-anhydro-D-sorbitol (V) synthesized by the following method. Tetramethyl-D-glucofuranose... 

Sorbitol forms a crystalline dianhydride, namely isosorbide this in contrast to isomannide was not described fully until recent times. Montgomery and Wiggins61 fully described it in 1946 but other authors had referred to it previously. In 1927 Muller and Hoffman62 described a liquid dianhydro-D-sorbitol which was probably an impure form of isosorbide. In 1940, Bell, Carr and Krantz63 described experiments with a crystalline dianhydro-D-sorbitol. Montgomery and Wiggins61... 

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