Solid-phase extraction for sample

M. Zief and R. Kiser, Solid Phase Extraction for Sample Preparation, J.T. Baker, Phillipsburg (1988). 

Pommier F, Boschet F, Gosset G (2003) Quantitative determination of benazepril and benazeprilat in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using automated 96-well disk plate solid-phase extraction for sample preparation. J Chromatogr B 783 199-205... 

Jemal, M. Huang, M. Mao, Y. Whigan, D. Schuster, A. Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Fosinoprilat in Human Serum using Automated 96-Well Solid-Phase Extraction for Sample Preparation, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 14(12), 1023-1028 (2000). 

Khrolenko, M., Dzygiel, P., Wieczorek, P. (2002). Combination of supported hquid membrane and solid-phase extraction for sample pretreatment of triazine herbicides in juice prior to capiUary electrophoresis detennination. J. Chromatogr. A, 975, 219-27. 

The final sulfur mustard urinary biomarker to be discussed is also a reaction product of sulfur mustard with glutathione 1,1 -sulfonyl-bis-[2-S-(V-acetylcystein T)ethane. Using solid-phase extraction for sample cleanup and analyte concentration followed by analysis with negative ion electrospray LC-MS-MS, Read and Black (2004b) were able to achieve detection limits of 0.5-1.0 ng/mL. Methods for the analysis of urine samples for sulfur mustard verification are summarized in Table 19.5. 

Hubert, P. Crommen, J. HPLC determination of verapamil and norverapamil in plasma using automated solid phase extraction for sample preparation and fluorometric detection. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1994, 17, 2147-2170... 

Solid-Phase Extractions In a solid-phase extraction the sample is passed through a cartridge containing solid particulates that serve as the adsorbent material. For liquid samples the solid adsorbent is isolated in either a disk cartridge or a column (Figure 7.17). The choice of adsorbent is determined by the properties of the species being retained and the matrix in which it is found. Representative solid adsorbents... 

Typical instrument set-ups for online sample preparation, for example, solid phase extraction and sample pre-concentration, require the control of a six-port valve with an additional special column and a second pump. Ideally, this system will be fully controlled by the data acquisition software (Figure 3.12 (A)). 

Poole, C. E, Principles and Practice of Solid-phase Extraction, In Sampling and Sample Preparation for Field and Laboratory Fundamentals and Hew Directions in Sample Preparation, Pawliszyn, J., Ed., Vol. XXXVII, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 341-387, 2002. 

Delaunay, N., Pichon, V, and Hennion, M. C., Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction for the trace-analysis of low-molecular-mass analytes in complex sample matrices. Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications 745(1), 15-37, 2000. 

Solid-phase extraction for milk, urine, and feces samples is carried out by washing the loaded Cig cartridge successively with 5 ml water, 5 ml acetone/ water (20 80), 5 ml methanol/water (20 80), 5 ml dichloromethane/hexane (20 80), and 5 ml ethyl acetate/hexane (10 90). The corticosteroids are eluted with 3 ml ethyl acetate. The eluate is evaporated, and the residual is reconstituted in 0.5 ml ethanol and 5 ml phosphate-buffered saline, pending subsequent immunoaffinity column cleanup. The solid-phase extraction procedure differs for liver samples. In that case, washing of the cartridge is performed with 5 ml water, 5... 

Electropherograms of a urine sample (8 ml) spiked with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (10 (Jig/ml each) after direct CE analysis (b) and at-line SPE-CE (c). Peak identification is as follows I, ibuprofen N, naproxen K, ketoprofen F, flurbiprofen. Reprinted from Journal of Chromatography, B 719, J. R. Veraart et al., At-line solid-phase extraction for capillary electrophoresis application to negatively charged solutes, pp. 199-208, copyright 1998, with permission from Elsevier Science. 

Raisglid, M. and Burke, M F., Optimizing solid phase extraction for oil and grease and particulate laden samples. Paper presented at EPA s 19th annual conference on Analysis of Pollutants in the Environment, Norfolk, VA, May 15-16, 1996. 

G6mez-Ariza, J.L., J.A. Pozas, I. Giraldez et al. 1999. Use of solid phase extraction for speciation of selenium compounds in aqueous environmental samples. Analyst 124 75-78. 

Lopez-Bianco, M.C., S. Blanco-Cid, B. Cancho-Grande, and J. Simal-Gandara. 2003. Application of single-drop microextraction and comparison with solid-phase microextraction and solid-phase extraction for the determination of a- and [1-endosulfan in water samples by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection. J. Chromatogr. A 984 245-252. 

Chang RR, Jarman WM, Hennings JA. 1993. Sample cleanup by solid phase extraction for the ultratrace determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in biological samples. Anal Chem 65 (18) 2420-2427. 

Solid phase extraction. A sample preparation technique using liquid-solid sorption to remove contaminants from the sample or isolate the sought for compounds from the sample. 

The Prelude" Workstation, which is capable of automating solid sample treatments and includes options such as weighing, mixing, filtration and solid-phase extraction of samples for automatic insertion into HPLC systems, transfer to UV-Vis spectrophotometers and gathering in an EasyFill Sample Collection Module. 

Before any sample can be subjected to chromatography, some type of sample preparation is required, which can be as simple as filtration or an involved solid-phase extraction protocol. Sample preparation is that activity or those activities necessary to prepare a sample for analysis. The ultimate goal of sample preparation is to provide the component of interest in solution, free from interferences and at a concentration appropriate for detection. This entry will briefly discuss seven topic areas included in sample preparation standard methods, solid-phase extraction (SPE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), microdialysis, ultraliltration (UF), and automated systems. 

GA Smith, TL Lloyd. Automated solid-phase extraction and sample preparation-finding the right solution for your laboratory. LC-GC S22—S31, 1998. 

Jemal, M. Teitz, D. Ouyang, Z. Khan, S. Comparison of Plasma Sample Purification by Manual Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Automated 96-Well Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Automated 96-Well Solid-Phase Extraction for Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. ISl, 501-508 (1999). 

Smith, G. A. Lloyd, T.L. Automated Solid-Phase Extraction and Sample Preparation Finding the Right Solution for your Laboratory, LC-GC North America 16(12), 21-27 (1998). 

Wells, M. J. M. and Michael, J. L. 1987. Reversed-phase solid-phase extraction for aqueous environmental sample preparation in herbicide residue analysis, J. Chromatog. Sci., 25 345-350. 

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