Soft soap-making

Limeed OIL—Russia, India, and Argentine Eepublic are the principal countries which oxtciiBivcly grow the flax plant, from the seeds of which linH(Ujd oil is press( ci. It is used to a limited extent in soft-soap making. 

Ilemp-Hved ail is pnxliuunl from the seeds of the hemp plant which grows in Russia. This oil is used in soft soap-making, more particularly on tlu (Continent. 

Africa. Its use has been suggested for soft-soap making. The following figures have been published —... 

The Soft Soap Manufacturers Convention of Holland stipulate that the materials used in soft-soap making must not contain more than 5 per cent, rosin it is also interesting to note that a patent has been granted (Eng. Pat. 17,278, 1900) for the manufacture of soft soap from material containing 50 per cent, rosin. 

Soft magnetic spinel ferrites, 11 57 Soft oils, in toilet soap making, 22 734 Soft repulsions, 23 94 Soft rot... 

Potassium hydroxide is used to make soft soap, in scrubbing and cleaning operations, as a mordant for woods, in dyes and colorants, and for absorbing carbon dioxide. Other principle uses of caustic potash are in the preparation of several potassium salts, acid-base titrations, and in orgainic sytheses. Also, KOH is an electrolyte in certain alkaline storage batteries and fuel cells. 

Potassium carbonate is used in the chemical industry as a source of inorganic potassium salts (potassium silicates, potassium bicarbonate), which are used in fertilizers, soaps, adhesives, dehydrating agents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Potassium carbonate used to make potassium lye produces soft soaps, which are liquids or semisolids rather than solids. Other uses of potassium carbonate includes use as a fire suppressant in extinguishers, as a C02 absorbent for chemical processes and pollution control, an antioxidant in rubber additives, and in pharmaceutical formulations. 

Uses of the alkali hydroxides.—A soln. of potassium hydroxide is used in the laboratory as an absorbent for carbon dioxide, the sodium compound is not so often used because of the formation of less soluble sodium carbonate which is liable to choke the delivery tubes with crystals. Potassium hydroxide is used in making soft soaps the corresponding sodium compound gives the ordinary hard soaps. The hydroxide fused with a little lime is used as a cautery—pierre a cautere. The alkali lye is also used as a cleansing fluid, since it forms soluble soaps with many greases and fats. The lye also dissolves animal tissues. 

In France, and on the Continent, olive oil is extensively used in soap-making and for soft soaps, hemp-seed oil is highly valued. 

Ordinary soap today is simply a mixture of sodium salts of long-chain fatty acids. It is a mixture because the fat from which it is made is a mixture, and for washing our hands or our clothes a mixture is just as good as a single pure salt. Soap may vary in composition and method of processing if made from olive oil, it is Castile soap alcohol can be added to make it transparent air can be beaten in to make it float perfumes, dyes, and germicides can be added if a potassium salt (instead of a sodium salt), it is soft soap. Chemically, however, soap remains pretty much the same, and does its job in the same way. 

Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Sodium stearate soap ingredient, soft Potassium carbonate soap making Sodium abietate soap mfg. 

The process is stated to be applicable to making any kind of Boap including soft soap which is prepared with the same rapidity as any other, without requiring the use of so much potash as in the ordinary processes. 

He sin in Soft Soaps.—In making soft soaps resin is sometimes introduced to the extent of 5 or 10 per cent, of the weight of the fatty materials used. The ream is generally introduced into the pan in the form of a fine powder, in the earliest part of the operation, whereby it saponifies with the other ingredients or fatty matters. 

Oentele s Process-— A process was suggested by M. Qentele for making soft soap with one-fifth part of soda mixed with the potash ley. By preference, crystals of soda are used and it is important that the leys should be free from chloride of sodium or other saline impuiities. The fatty materials recommended for this process are red oil, 100 lbs. tallow, 40 lbs. hempseed-oil, 3,750 lbs. 

Oleic acid, saponified by potash ley, is a very suitable fatty materi j for making soft soap. The first potash ley should have a strength equal to about 20 B., and the soap may be finished with a stronger ley— from 25 to 28°. 

Mr. Eowbottom produces borax dry soap, soap powder by adding borax to the usual carbonate or silicated ash or alkali, or other substance used in the manufacture of dry or powder soaps. For hcrtu mft Maps he adds a solution of borax to the ingredients usually employed for making ordinary soft soaps before or during the manu ctore, or he dissolves by heat any ordinary soft soap in the borax solution, and incorporates the same, after which the mass is allowed to cool in the usual maimer. 

Good soft soap of London make Potash S 6 + oil and tallow 45 + water 46 5 in 100 parts.— Tire,... 

How can soap make soft water from hard water What objections are there to using soap for this purpose ... 

C) Treatment of Fat with Indefinite Amount of Alkali a nd no Separation of Waste Lye,—Soft soap is representative of this class. The vegetable fluid oils (linseed, olive, cotton-seed, maize) are for the most part used in making this soap, though occasionally bone fats and tallow are employed. Bosin is sometimes added, the proportion ranging, according to the grade of soap required, from 5 to 15 per cent, of the fatty matter. 

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