Social inclusion

A number of issues were raised in Part I of this book about social interaction in inclusive classrooms. These included  

It has been difficult isolating themes and tensions from the data about the social experiences of the children and young people, for the prima facie impression in examining the data is of the success of the project in promoting social inclusion. This impression is consistent across situations and almost unanimous as far as informants are concerned. However, the issues bulleted above serve as useful foci for the analysis which follows. 

Given that so much of the following discussion refers to the indi v idual children and young people of the proj ect, it is worth referring the reader back to chapter 8, where case studies of these individuals are given. 

Priorto the full analysis, sociograms for the classes of each of the primary pupils are given. The sociograms are of the primary pupils only, since their classes are more consistent than those of the secondary-age students, for whom year groupings break due to subject choice and setting. Pseudonyms have been given to all of the children. 

Children were asked to say in confidence who they would like to sit next to or play with in each of the classes, and in general an unremarkable pattern of relationships emerges for the Inclusion Project students. Even where the students have severe disabilities (for example, in 

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This chapter examines the role of hydrogen, and fuel-cell vehicle technologies in particular, in contributing to a future sustainable transport system and also shows the limitation of such an approach. Particular areas that need to be addressed in this respect include emissions, safety, land use, noise and social inclusion. Vehicle technologies will play a key role in addressing several of these. 

Adam S, Brewer M, Shephard A (2006) Financial work incentives in Britain Comparisons over time and between family types. Working Paper 06/20. IFS, London Adam S, Browne J (2006) A Survey of the UK Tax System. IFS, London Alcock P, Beatty C, Fothergill S, Macmillan R, Yeandle S (2003) Work to Welfare How Men Become Detached from the Labour Market. University Press, Cambridge Bivand P (2006) Has the JSA claimant count peaked Working Brief No 177. Centre for Economic and Social Inclusion, London... 

CESI (2007) New deal 10 key facts. Working Brief 181. Centre for Economic and Social Inclusion, London... 

Another example of an evolutionary system is the Scandinavian active society. The vision that a socially inclusive society in terms of (almost) everyone participating in the labour market, irrespective of gender, age, ethnicity, health, qualifications, family responsibilities etc. has already existed since the 1930s. The inclusive society entails that every resident is able to materialise his or her potential capacities. The idea of activation is thus deeply rooted in the normative foundation of the Scandinavian welfare state. Labour market participation is seen as salient to the individual s welfare and to the welfare of the collective by paying taxes. In order to achieve this, activation is perhaps the most important policy, as Peter Kohler, Jon Kvist and Lisbeth Pedersen point out in the chapter Making All Work Modern Danish Labour Market Policies . 

Fabio Bertozzi is a scientific collaborator at the Swiss graduate school for public administration (IDHEAP), Lausanne, Switzerland. He has taken part in several national and international research projects in the area of comparative welfare state analysis, with a special focus on pensions and labour market policies. His publications include The Swiss Pension System and Social Inclusion (2007, with Giuliano Bonoli). In Meyer T, Bridgen P and Riedmiiller B (eds.) Private Pensions... 

Versus Social Inclusion Edward Elgar, The Swiss welfare state a changing public-private mix (with F. Gilardi) In Beland D and Gran B (eds.) Social Policy Puzzles, Palgrave Macmillan (forthcoming). 

Social Inclusion, which plays a significant role in the UK in undertaking applied research, disseminating best practice, and providing policy advice to government and NGOs. 

Workplace Social Inclusion. . . captures the extent to which employees have informal social ties with others at work and feel as if they belong and are socially included by others in their workplace. ... 

Contributions from Inclusive Education and Social Inclusion... 

Australian Social Inclusion Board. (2012). Social inclusion in Australia How Australia is faring (2nd ed.). Canberra, Australia Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved from www.socialinclusion.gov.au... 

Atkinson, A. B., Marlier, E. (2010). Analysing and measuring social inclusion in a global context. New York United Nations Department of Economic and Social Afiairs. 

Boushey, H., Fremstad, S., Gragg, R., Waller, M. (2010, August). Social inclusion for the United States. Working Paper, Center for Economic Policy and Research, Washington, D.C. Retrieved from www. inclusionist.org. 

Pearce, J. L., Randel, A. E. (2004). Expectations of organizational mobility, workplace social inclusion, and employee job perfor-vaanco. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(1), 81-98. doi 10.1002/ job.232... 

The development of such meaningful connections that cross traditional demographic and functional boundaries is important not only because these connections promote the experience of social inclusion, but also because they help facilitate informational inclusion. Building on this, the third dimension of inclusive climates focuses on the adoption of mechanisms that facilitate inclusive decision making. The idea underlying this dimension is that an organization s ability to capitalize on the potential benefits associated with increased workforce diversity is contingent... 

In the next section, we present a case study of a practical intervention recently implemented in the Pilbara region by RTIO that demonstrates the important practical lessons and solutions regarding social inclusion that can be learned by examining the issues that arise at the boundaries of two societies in a single nation. 

From its organizational values to its business practice statement, RTIO appears to adopt a view of social inclusion as incorporating community consultation in corporate activity from preentry to exit, good corporate-community relations, community self-determination, and promotion of community and regional sustainability. In line with this perspective, the first step undertaken in the project was problem identification in consultation with local communities. This phase of the project is summarized next. 

There is a plethora of policies on education, social welfare and even health in which inclusion is inscribed and since the emergence of New Labour s social inclusion agenda in the UK, it has reached into many areas of life and work. As Wamock (2005) bitterly notes, inclusion is a fundamental concept in government s thinking about schools, leisure, employment, higher education and the arts and performs, not as policy but as ideology. 

Cultural Policy Collective. (2004). Beyond social inclusion Towards cultural democracy. Edinburgh Cultural Policy Collective... 

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