Slaked lime hydroxide

Mir-slaked lime contains various proportions of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and magnesium which result from excessive exposure of quicklime to air that vitiates its quaUty. It is partially or largely decomposed quicklime that has become hydrated and carbonated. 

Strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)2, resembles slaked lime but is more soluble in water (21.83 g per 100 g of water at 100°C). It is a white dehquescent sohd with a specific gravity of 3.62 and a melting point of 375°C. Strontium soaps are made by combining strontium hydroxide with soap stocks, eg, lard, tallow, or peanut oil. The strontium soaps are used to make strontium greases, which are lubricants that adhere to metallic surfaces at high loads and are water-resistant, chemically and physically stable, and resistant to thermal breakdown over a wide temperature range (11). 

Morta.r, Mortar, principally slaked lime and sand, sets because of the evaporation of water, the deposition of calcium hydroxide, and the absorption of water by the bricks or cement blocks, foUowed by hardening as a result of the absorption and reaction of carbon dioxide. 

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 (slaked lime) ) White powder soluble in water yielding lime water. Alkaline... 

A base is any material that produces hydroxide ions when it is dissolved in water. The words alkaline, basic, and caustic are often used synonymously. Common bases include sodium hydroxide (lye), potassium hydroxide (potash lye), and calcium hydroxide (slaked lime). The concepts of strong versus weak bases, and concentrated versus dilute bases are exactly analogous to those for acids. Strong bases such as sodium hydroxide dissociate completely while weak bases such as the amines dissociate only partially. As with acids, bases can be either inorganic or organic. Typical reactions of bases include neutralization of acids, reaction with metals, and reaction with salts ... 

Self-Test E.5B Calculate the amount of Ca(OH)2 formula units in 1.00 kg of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), which is used to adjust the acidity of soils. 

Metallic magnesium is produced by either chemical or electrolytic reduction of its compounds. In chemical reduction, first magnesium oxide is obtained from the decomposition of dolomite. Then ferrosilicon, an alloy of iron and silicon, is used to reduce the MgO at about 1200°C. At this temperature, the magnesium produced is immediately vaporized and carried away. The electrolytic method uses seawater as its principal raw material magnesium hydroxide is precipitated by adding slaked lime (Ca(OH)2, see Section 14.10), the precipitate is filtered off and treated with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride, and the dried molten salt is electrolyzed. 

The product, calcium hydroxide, is commonly known as slaked lime because, as calcium hydroxide, the thirst of lime for water has been quenched (slaked). Slaked lime is the form in which lime is normally sold because quicklime can set fire to moist wood and paper. In fact, the wooden boats that were once used to transport quicklime sometimes caught fire in the heat of reaction when water seeped into their holds. An aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide, which is slightly soluble in water, is called lime water. It is used as a test for carbon dioxide, with which it reacts to form a suspension of the much less soluble calcium carbonate ... 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) (caustic potash) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (slaked lime) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (aqueous ammonia solution) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution In water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White powder soluble in water yielding lime water. Alkaline Weakly alkaline. Emits ammonia gas. Severe eye irritant... 

There is one disadvantage to having lime around, however. It must be kept completely dry wherever it is stored. The reaction between calcium oxide and water forms calcium hydroxide (or slaked lime ). 

This process, usually carried out in a kiln and at a temperature well above 600°C, seems to have been practiced as early as the Stone Age (Gourdin and Kingery 1975). Quicklime is a basic component of calcareous cement. Before the cement can be prepared, however, it is essential to slake (disintegrate and break up) the quicklime by the addition of water water reacts with quicklime to form slaked lime, composed of calcium hydroxide ... 

Dry sorbents are also used to remove sulfur dioxide. Lime (calcium oxide) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) combine with sulfur dioxide to form calcium... 

Calcium hydroxide is known as hydrated lime or slaked lime, and it is used extensively in some applications because it is less expensive than NaOH or KOH. It reacts with C02 to form CaC03, which binds particles of sand and gravel together in mortar and cement. 

By the substitution of magnesium hydroxide instead of slaked lime a similar reaction takes place, but the total weight per 1000 cubic feet of hydrogen produced is reduced to 341 lb. 

Skraup synthesis org chem A method for the preparation of commercial synthetic quinoline by heating aniline and glycerol in the presence of sulfuric acid and an oxidizing agent to form pyridine unsubstituted quinolines. skraup sin-tha-sas slaked lime See calcium hydroxide. slakt iTm )... 

Calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) ] is known as slaked or hydrated lime and is formed by exposing calcium oxide to water. Slaked lime is less caustic than quick lime. Therefore, it is used to line football fields. (Unslaked lime, CaO, is very caustic when wet, and if it is used on playing fields, players may receive caustic burns.) Calcium hydroxide has many uses, including as an ingredient for stonemasons mortar, cements, whitewash, and soil conditioner (high pH), as a food additive, and as a human depilatory. 

The next major raw material for which we discuss the derived chemicals is calcium carbonate, common limestone. It is the source of some carbon dioxide, but, more importantly, it is used to make lime (calcium oxide) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). Limestone, together with salt and ammonia, are the ingredients for the Solvay manufacture of sodium carbonate, soda ash. Soda ash is also mined directly from trona ore. The Solvay process manufactures calcium chloride as an important by-product. Soda ash in turn is combined with sand to produce sodium silicates to complete the chemicals in the top 50 that are derived from limestone. Since lime is the highest-ranking derivative of limestone in terms of total amount produced, we discuss it first. Refer to Fig. 2.1, Chapter 2, Section 1, for a diagram of limestone derivatives. 

Ca(0H)2 Slaked lime, hydrated lime, calcium hydroxide. A saturated... 

Calcium chloride is obtained from natural brines, typically containing 14% NaCl, 9% CaCL, and 3% MgC. Evaporation precipitates the sodium chloride. The magnesium chloride is removed by adding slaked lime to precipitate magnesium hydroxide. 

Limewater is a saturated aqueous calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, solution. To make limewater, a small amount of calcium hydroxide is needed. Calcium hydroxide is marketed commercially as slaked lime or hydrated lime. It is used for cement, increasing the pH in soils, and water treatment. Lime may be obtained from building material stores in the cement section and in agricultural stores. The smallest quantities sold are generally 5- or 10-pound bags, which cost a few dollars. Because only a teaspoon of lime is needed (the solubility of calcium hydroxide in water is 0. Ig per 100 mL), ask the sales clerk if there are any broken bags from which you can take a tablespoon of lime. Often there will be enough lime dust where it is stored to obtain an ample amount for this activity. 

Hardness can also be reduced with a lime-soda ash treatment. This process involves the addition of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2), to a hard water supply to convert the hydrogen carbonate hardness to carbonate, which then precipitates and can be removed by filtration ... 

Bases (Caustics)—Sodium Hydroxide, Ammonium Hydroxide, Calcium Hydroxide (Slaked Lime), Calcium Oxide (Quick Lime)... 

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