Silver nylon

E A Deitch, A A Marino and V Malakanok, Silver nylon cloth in vitro and in vivo evaluation of antimicrobial activity , J. Trauma, 1987 27(3) 301-304. 

E A Deitch, A A Marino, T E Gillespie and J A Albright, Silver-nylon a new antimicrobial agent , Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1983 23(3) 356-359. 

The positive plates are siatered silver on a silver grid and the negative plates are fabricated from a mixture of cadmium oxide powder, silver powder, and a binder pressed onto a silver grid. The main separator is four or five layers of cellophane with one or two layers of woven nylon on the positive plate. The electrolyte is aqeous KOH, 50 wt %. In the aerospace appHcations, the plastic cases were encapsulated in epoxy resins. Most usehil cell sizes have ranged from 3 to 15 A-h, but small (0.1 A-h) and large (300 A-h) sizes have been evaluated. Energy densities of sealed batteries are 26-31 W-h/kg. 

Most electroless silver appHcations are for silvering glass or metallizing record masters. Mirror production is the principal usage for electroless silver. The glass support is cleaned, catalyzed using a two-step catalyst, and coated on one side with an opaque silver film (46). Silver-plated nylon cloth is used as a bacteriostatic wound dressing. A tiny current appHed to the cloth causes slow silver dissolution. The silver acts as a bactericide (47). 

Materials The damage that air pollutants can do to some materials is well known ozone in photochemical smog cracks rubber, weakens fabrics, and fades dyes hydrogen sulfide tarnishes silver smoke dirties laundry acid aerosols ruin nylon hose. Among the most important effects are discoloration, corrosion, the soiling of goods, and impairment of visibility. 

Material Acid droplet pitting, nylon hose destruction Rubber cracking, silver tarnishing, paint blackening Corrosion, soiling, materials deterioration... 

Subcategory A encompasses the manufacture of all batteries in which cadmium is the reactive anode material. Cadmium anode batteries currently manufactured are based on nickel-cadmium, silver-cadmium, and mercury-cadmium couples (Table 32.1). The manufacture of cadmium anode batteries uses various raw materials, which comprises cadmium or cadmium salts (mainly nitrates and oxides) to produce cell cathodes nickel powder and either nickel or nickel-plated steel screen to make the electrode support structures nylon and polypropylene, for use in manufacturing the cell separators and either sodium or potassium hydroxide, for use as process chemicals and as the cell electrolyte. Cobalt salts may be added to some electrodes. Batteries of this subcategory are predominantly rechargeable and find application in calculators, cell phones, laptops, and other portable electronic devices, in addition to a variety of industrial applications.1-4 A typical example is the nickel-cadmium battery described below. 

Foil balloons are derived from the effort of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Command with the concept and technology to metalizate plastic sheeting. While the balloons are often referred to as Mylar or silver Mylars, they are not made from Mylar, a trade name for certain polyester film. They should be simply referred to as foil balloons. They are made from nylon film coated on one side with PE and metallized on the other. The nylon film gives the balloon some strength and the PE gives it some flexibility and helps retard the release of the held gas. 

Filters collect liquid and solid particles by mechanisms including diffusion, impaction, interception, electrostatic attraction, and sedimentation onto the filter while allowing the gas to pass through. The types commonly used in atmospheric particulate collection are membranes, fibrous mats, or porous sheets. Different filter materials are used depending on the particular type of measurement being carried out, including Teflon, quartz fiber, nylon, silver, cellulose filters, glass fibers, and polycarbonate. The characteristics of each are summarized by Chow (1995). 

Except for gold and silver, copper is the best metallic electrical conductor and copper wires are commonly used as electrical conductors. They are also used as magnet wires in electric motors, transformers, generators, electromagnets, etc. Copper and aluminum are commonly used for magnet wire because of their good electrical conductivity. Magnet wires are frequently coated by a variety of polymers such as nylon, aramid, polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymide, etc. 

Research into controlled-release antimicrobials continues with organo-silver compounds and silver zeolites, which are promising candidates for textile finishes. Silver ions, for example, incorporated in glass ceramic, have a very low toxicity profile and excellent heat stability. These principles are also used for fibre modification, an alternative to the antimicrobial finishes with high permanence. In recent years a variety of antimicrobial modified fibres have been developed, including polyester, nylon, polypropylene and acrylic types. An example of these fibre modifications is the incorporation of 0.5-2 % of organic nitro compounds... 

Typical fillers carbon black, calcium carbonate, dolomite, clays, calcinated clays, talc, soapstone, zinc oxide, filmed silica, borates, iron oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium carbonate, pulverized polyurethane foam, barium and strontium ferrites, magnesium aluminum silicate, nylon fibers, quartz in EMI shielding field silver plated aluminum, silver plated nickel, silver coated glass spheres, silver plated copper, silver, nickel and carbon black... 

JMAC antimicrobial masterbatches are described. The products are based on the controlled release of silver ions. A silver chloride/titanium dioxide composite particle releases silver ions on contact with water and then maintains an equilibrium concentration in solution, releasing more ions as required to give effective preservation. Its antibacterial performance in PP mouldings, in thin section PE, itylon, PETP and PP fibres is reported. JMAC masterbatches are available in most polymeric carriers including PE, PP, polystyrene, ABS, PETP and nylon, with typical addition rates of around 1%. 

The enzymes have been both physically entrapped in polyacrylamide on nylon netting and chemically bound to polyacrylic acid derivatives both preparations exhibited large measuring times. Improvement of the system in favour of the response time diminished the sensitivity of the sensor. The authors reported a response time between 77 and 235 s and a sensitivity of 40 mV per concentration decade. Besides the low selectivity of the iodide sensitive electrode (thiocyanate, sulfide, cyanide, and silver(I) ions interfere), disturbances by other HRP substrates, e.g. uric acid, ascorbic acid, and Fe(II) ions, restrict the applicability of the method. 

Later, it was possible to improve substantially the separation of deuterated olefins. Atkinson et al. [67], for example, separated all ethylene isomers differing by one unit of mass. It was shown that the accuracy of the gas chromatographic analysis of deuterium-labelled ethylene isotopes is the same as that in the mass spectral method. Silver nitrate solution in ethylene glycol (5M), saturated at room temperature, was used as the stationary phase [67]. This solution was added to Chromosorb P (45—60 mesh) in the ratio of 1 4 and this mixture was mechanically stirred for 4 h. The sorbent obtained was packed into nylon tube sections of length 15 m and diameter 3 mm. A flame-ionization detector was used. 

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