Short-term bioassay

Tennant, R.W., French, J.E. and Spalding, J.W. (1995). Identification of chemical carcinogens and assessing potential risks in short-term bioassays using transgenic mouse models. Environ. Health Perspect. 103 942-950. 

Chernoff N, Kavlock RJ. 1983. A teratology test system which utilizes postnatal growth and viability in the mouse. Environ Sci Res 27 Short-Term Bioassays Anal Complex Environ Mixtures (3) 417-427. 

Lebowitz H, Brusick D, Matheson D, et al. 1979. Commonly used fuels and solvents evaluated in a battery of short-term bioassays [Abstract]. Environ Mutagen 1 172-173. 

Several short-term bioassay procedures (3-14) have been developed recently which are applicable to detecting mutagenic and potential carcinogenic activity of organic substances. The SaimoneJla/mammalian mlcrosome assay or Ames Test (13-13] has been the most frequently applied and its efficacy has been well documented. This assay has also been applied to complex mixtures (19-22) to reduce greatly the time... 

EPLER, J. L., CLARK, B. R., HO, C. H., GUERIN, M. R. and RAO, T. K. Shortterm Bioassay of Complex Organic Mixtures. Part II, Mutagenicity Testing. Presented at the Symposium on Application of Short-term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures, Williamsburg, VA, Feb., 1978. 

KolberA, WolffT, HughesT, etal. 1981. Collection, chemicalfractionation, and mutagenicity bioassay of ambient air particulate. In Short term bioassays in the analysis of complex environ mix II, 21-44. 

Fortunately, a number of in situ, short-term bioassays to detect genotoxic and related effects have become available. These include a variety of measured endpoints such as aneuploids, chromosal aberrations, DNA damage, dominant lethal mutation, gene mutation, inhibition of intercellular communication, micronuclei, mitotic recombination and gene conversions, and sister chromatid exchange and cell transformation (IARC, 1989). A detailed discussion of these tests is beyond the scope of this book. However, such tests are important from our perspective as atmospheric chemists because, as we shall see, they can be used to detect biologically active compounds in very complex mixtures, and hence serve to focus chemical analysis efforts (IARC, 1989, p. 20). We emphasize in advance the... 

Commoner, B., A. J. Vithayathil, and P. Dolara, Mutagenic Analysis of Complex Samples of Aqueous Effluents, Air Particulates, and Foods, in Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures (M. D. Waters, S. Nesnow, J. L. Huisingh, S. Sandhu, and L. Claxton, Eds.), pp. 529-570, Plenum, New York, 1979. 

Lewtas, J., Evaluation of the Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity of Motor Vehicle Emissions in Short-Term Bioassays, Environ. Health Perspect., 47, 141-152 (1983). 

Barrett, J.C., Gray, T.E., Mass, M.J., and Thomassen, D.G. (1982). A quantitative, clonal assay for carcinogen-induced alterations of respiratory epithelial cells in culture, in Application of Short-term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures, Waters, M. and Sandu, S., Eds. (Plenum Press, New Y>rk). 

Smith, C. C. In Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures Waters, M. Nesnow,... 

The time scale of responsiveness clearly affects the ability of a microbial community to respond to dynamic fluxes of DOM and a major unanswered question is how common is the necessity for a taxonomic shift before detectable changes in degradative ability are evident Also, the time scale of observation will dictate which of these responses are documented, with short-term bioassays probably reflecting the extant community, whereas seasonal changes may include taxonomic replacement. Any particular question will have a logical time scale and this should govern the time span under consideration. 

The report concluded that a reasonable weight of evidence on the evaluation of potential risk to humans could be achieved if information from the short-term bioassay is used in conjunction with information from other sources such as the rat bioassay, the Ames assay, the chemistry of the test article, and the repeat-dose studies evaluating intermediate markers of malignancy from knowledge of the pharmacological activities of the test substance and from... 

Although not required for approval, a short-term bioassay, Tg-Hras2 model, was conducted postapproval and is mentioned in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) and the postapproval procedural steps summary. There were no findings suggestive of tumor growth promotion in this study. 

G.F.Stmiste, J.M.Bingham, W.D.Spall, J.W.Nickols, R. J.Okinaka,andD.J.-C. Chen, Fractionation of an Oil Shale Retort Process Water Isolation of Photoactive Genotoxic Components, presented at the conference on Short Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures, Chapel Hill, NC, 22 January 1982 Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-UR-82-1272. 

Hadnagy W, Seemayer NH. 1989. Genotoxicity of particulate emissions from gasoline-powered engines evaluated by short-term bioassays. Experimental Pathology 37 43-50. 

Pfleeger, T., J.C. McFarlane, R. Sherman, and G. Volk. 1991. A short-term bioassay for whole plant toxicity. In Plants for Toxicity Assessment Vol. 2, J.W. Gorsuch, W.R. Lower, M.A. Lewis, and W. Wang, Eds., ASTM Publication 04-011150-16. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 355-364. 

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