Sensitizing capacity

Braze, M. 1986. Sensitizing capacity of 2-methylol phenol, 4-methylol phenol and 2,4,6-trimethylol phenol in the guinea pig. Contact Dermatitis 14 32-38. 

The WHO/IPCS international workshop on skin sensitization in chemical risk assessment (WHO/IPCS 2007) concluded (Q)SARs and expert systems for identification of sensitizing capacity have not been vahdated to date, but may be used as part of a weight of evidence approach for identifying the sensitizing capacity of chemicals. There are certain local (Q)SARs that can be used for a small range of chemicals. However, these are currently insufficient to cover the full range of chemicals. The Workshop recommended that QSAR models need to be further developed, and the apphcabihty domain of each model needs to be established. ... 

Although DC maturation can be used to detect sensitizing capacity, major concerns remain on this assay (i) the limited reproducibility within and between laboratories due to inter-donor variability and variations in cell isolation and culture techniques (ii) the lack of sensitivity and dynamic range [122]. To circumvent interdonor variability cell lines such as THP-1, U937, KG-1 and MUTZ-3 have been used. 

Di Gioacchino, M., Verna, N., Di Giampaolo, L., Di Claudio, E., Turi, M.C., Perrone, A., Petrarca, C., Mariani-Costantini, R., Sabbioni, E. and Boscolo, P. (2007) Immunotoxicity and sensitizing capacity of metal compounds depend on speciation. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 20, 15-22. 

Hausen BM. The sensitizing capacity of ginkgolic acids in guinea pigs. Am J Contact Derm 1998 9 146-148. 

The crit diam of deton and the max gap distance for sympathetic deton in the test expl were used as criteria of sensitization. Reliable sensitization by NG on NaCl occurred at a level of 8% NG, when the particle size of NaCl was 0.2—0.3mm. At sizes <50 micron ca 20% was required. Sensitization by 1 1 mixts of NG DEGcDN was similar to pure NG. Pure DEGcDN at a level 10% NaCl did not detonate even at a chge diam of 32 mm. The use of gelatinizing agents, such as NC or poly (Me methacrylate) decreased the sensitizing capacity of NG. RDX PETN were effective sensitizers when measured by crit diam, but are less effective than NG with respect to gap test. Combinations of solid and liquid expls were recommended]... 

A number of animal models have been developed and validated to detect the chemical-induced direct immunotoxicity. Several compounds, including certain dmgs, have been shown in this way to cause immunosuppression or skin allergic responses. In this chapter, the various mechanisms of immimotoxicity are discussed by which a compound affects different cell types and interferes with immune responses, ultimately leading to immunotoxicity as well as sensitizing capacity. 

Dooms-Goossens A, Degreef H. Contact allergy to petrolatums. (I). Sensitizing capacity of different brands of yellow and white petrolatums. Contact Dermatitis 1983 9(3) 175-85. 

Topical remedies are very popular in self-treatment and patients will often not report this, since they do not regard them as medicaments. Furthermore, patients often do not suspect that natural remedies cause adverse effects. Some substances lead to a considerable number of allergic reactions, for example chamomile extract and tincture of Arnica montana (15). Propolis also has pronounced sensitizing capacity (29), and sensitization to aged tea tree oil is being reported with increasing frequency (30). 

Rasmussen TF, Reinders J, Roggen E, Spiekstra S, Gibbs S (2013) Transfer of a two-tiered keratinocyte assay IL-18 production by NCTC2544 to determine the skin sensitizing capacity and epidermal equivalent assay to determine sensitizer potency. Toxicol In Vitro 27(3) 1135-1150... 

Dooms-Goossens A and Degree H. Contact Allergy to Petrolatums. 1. Sensitizing Capacity of Different Brands of Yellow and White Petrolatums, Contact Dermatitis 1983a 9 175-185. 

The sensitizing capacity of the serum from allergic subjects has been known since the classical transfer experiments of Prausnitz-Ktlstner. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in the rat is essentially identical to the reaction of Prausnitz-KUstner. A skin area of normal rats is sensitized to an allergen by the local injection of serum containing specific IgE-antibodies and appropriate... 

Herrmann, H.D., G. Willuhn, and B.M. Hausen. 1978. Helenalinmethacrylate, a new pseudoguaianolide from the flowers of Arnica rrumtana L. and the sensitizing capacity of their sesquiterpene lactones. Plant a Med. 34(3) 299-304. 

Weak sensitization capacity of gotu kola was observed in guinea pigs after repeated topical application (Hausen 1993). 

Hausen, B.M. 1979. The sensitizing capacity of Gompositae plants. III. Test results and cross-reactions in Gompositae-sensitive patients. Dermatologica 159(1) 1-11. 

Zeller, W., M. de Gols, and B.M. Hausen. 1985. The sensitizing capacity of Gompositae plants. VI. Guinea pig sensitization experiments with ornamental plants and weeds using different methods. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 277(l) 28-35. 

Stampf, J.L., C. Benezra, G. Klecak, et aL 1982. The sensitizing capacity of helenin and of 2 of its main constituents, the sesquiterpene lactones alantolactone and iso-alantolactone A comparison of epicutaneous and intradermal sensitizing methods in different strains of guinea-pig. Contact Dermat. 8(l) 16-24. 

Hausen, B.M., and R. Schulze. 1986. Comparative studies of the sensitizing capacity of drugs used in herpes simplex. Derm. Beruf Umwelt 34(6) 163-170. 

Schulz, K.H., I. Garbe, B.M. Hausen, and M.H. Simatupang. 1977. The sensitizing capacity of naturally occurring quinones. Experimental studies in guinea pigs. 1. Naphthoquinones and related compounds. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 258(1) 41-52. 

Coltsfoot demonstrated a weak sensitizing capacity in a guinea pig sensitization test (Zeller et al. 1985). 

Hjorth N, Thomsen K (1968) Differences in sensitizing capacity of neomycin in creams and in ointments. Br J Dermatol 80 163-169... 

The therapeutic use of hydralazine does not involve topical application and there is no information available about the skin-sensitizing capacity of hydralazine to man. When given orally, in contrast to the dermal sensitivity, hydrazaline acts as a weak immunogen. 

Gorevic and Levine 1981), points to the immunogenicity and sensitizing capacity of this compound. On the other hand, several attempts to detect antibodies in rabbits immunized with benzylpenicilloic acid have been unsuccessful (Josephson 1960 DE Weck 1962a,b). 

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