Seed expeller

Oilseeds, oil fruits, their products and by-products rapeseed, expeller and hulls soybean as bean, toasted, expeller and hulls sunflower seed as seed and expeller cotton as seed and seed expeller linseed as seed and expeller sesame seed as expeller palm kernels as expeller pumpkin seed as expeller olives, olive pulp vegetable oils (from physical extraction). (Turnip rapeseed expeller was delisted in 2004.)... 

Seeds are one source of vegetable fibres, oils, and protein. Oil-bearing seeds are mechanically squeezed in a seed expeller or the oil is extracted with a solvent leaving behind the pulp and fibre syn. seed cake, oil cake, or meal. Seed cake retains some oils as does the seed expeller. Common seed cakes include cottonseed, peanut, linseed, maize, palm, rape seed, rice bran, soy beans, and sunflower. 

The major textiles before the 1920s were wool (animal hair), cotton (a seed pod), and silk (a protein used for making cocoons). The silk spider also had a clever device in its abdomen for expelling a gel in a sac through a spinneret where reactions with air made a solid fiber with a uniform cross section. DuPont took this idea in spinning hydrolyzed cellulose into rayon fibers and scaling-the process up far beyond the needs of spiders. 

But the foode and nourishments for mans body, though they have in them mingled, venemous, sickly or medicinable properties, yet for all that, by reason of that mixture with their good seedes, as long as unitie and concord is kept betweene them, they be tempered, seperated, resolved and expelled out of mans body... 

Seed cake, containing vegetable oil solvent extractions and expelled seeds, containing not more than 10 % of oil and when the amount of moisture is higher than 11%, not more than 20% of oil and moisture combined 1386... 

Table 4.1.5A. Canola meal expeller (IFN 5-06-870).The residual product obtained after extraction of most of the oil from canola seeds by a mechanical extraction process (not defined by AAFCO or CFIA).

Table 4.1.36A. Sunflower meal dehulled expeller (IFN 5-30-033). The meal obtained after the removal of most of the oil from sunflower seeds without hulls by a mechanical extraction process. (From CFIA, 2007.)...

The syringe is turned upright, and the plunger depressed to expel air (there will be some) until the level of the seeds is reached. 

Recently, the VLS growth method has been extended beyond the gas-phase reaction to synthesis of Si nanowires in Si-containing solvent (Holmes et al, 2000). In this case 2.5-nm Au nanocrystals were dispersed in supercritical hexane with a silicon precursor (e.g., diphenylsilane) under a pressure of 200-270 bar at 500°C, at which temperature the diphenylsilane decomposes to Si atoms. The Au nanocrystals serve as seeds for the Si nanowire growth, because they form an alloy with Si, which is in equilibrium with pure Si. It is suggested that the Si atoms would dissolve in the Au crystals until the saturation point is reached then they are expelled from the particle to form a nanowire with a diameter similar to the catalyst particle. This method has an advantage over the laser-ablated Si nanowire in that the nanowire diameter can be well controlled by the Au particle size, whereas liquid metal droplets produced by the laser ablation process tend to exhibit a much broader size distribution. With this approach, highly crystalline Si nanowires with diameters ranging from 4 nm to 5 nm have been produced by Holmes et al. (2000). The crystal orientation of these Si nanowires can be controlled by the reaction pressure. 

Continuous screw presses are used (1) for extracting fats and oils in small operations where investment capital or supplies of raw materials are limited and installation of a solvent extraction plant is impractical (2) to partially defat high-oil content seeds for easier handling in subsequent solvent extraction or hard pressing and (3) for extraction of animal flesh and bones, fish, and fleshy-type oilseeds such as palm fruit, olives, and copra (dried coconut meat ), and oilseeds. These machines have been generically referred to as expellers, but the Expeller trademark belongs to Anderson International Corporation, Cleveland, OH, successor to the company founded by Valerius D. Anderson who patented the first continuous screw press in 1899. 

Canola seeds contain 38-44% oil (8% moisture basis) so that the most efficient method of extracting the oil is by mechanically (pressing) expelling about 60% of... 

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