Fats, 92-93 extracting

Spirit B 0.675 60-80 Fat extraction, vegetable oil mills, tallow manufacture... 

The chief coloring principle found ia the oil or fat extracts of annatto seeds is the carotenoid hixin (36, R = UH3) (Cl Natural Orange 4, Cl No. 

Fett-entziehung, /. fat extraction, -farbe, /. fat-soluble color, oil color, -farbstoff, m. color for fats (Micros.) fat stain (Bio-chem.) lipochrome, lutein, -fleck, -flecken, m. grease spot. 

Food (butter fat) Extract and cleanup on semipreparative HPLC column elute with methylene chloride-hexane GC/ECD No data No data Gillespie and Walters 1986... 

Fatty foods (>2% fat) Extraction of fat using sodium sulfate, petroleum ether, by filtering, or by solvents oleanup using solvent partitioning, Florisil GC/ECD No data >85% ( r T sulfate) FDA 1994 (PAM Method 304)... 

The rationale of validation experiments with fatty matrices is the high amount of fat extracted with many organic solvents. If analytes are not fat soluble and extraction is performed with water or aqueous buffer solutions, the troublesome fat is not extracted together with the analyte. Such extractions are typical for, e.g., the class of sulfonylurea herbicides. Examples exist where in such cases the applicability of an analytical method to fatty matrices was accepted by the authority without particular validation. 

Not all of the classical extraction processes are suitable for ultrasonic enhancement. For example, among the existing techniques used to obtain bio-active extracts from plant material (direct distillation, water steam distillation, organic solvent extraction, maceration, cold/hot fat extraction, etc.) [195] the water steam distillation is not amenable to ultrasonic enhancement. 

Table II. Toxicity to Houseflies of Residues of Beef-Fat Extracts Containing Chlorinated...

The flasks used had narrow mouths, whereas the Laug technique specifies widemouthed beaker flasks. The small opening reduced air exchange and moisture condensed on the insides of the flasks. This condition is not good for flies and probably accounts for the mortality observed in the checks. However, this effect had not shown up 5 hours after the tests were started, and by that time most of the flies in the flasks containing insecticides were down. These tests are qualitative rather than quantitative, but the data indicate that the chemically determined quantities of the various insecticides in the fat extract were nearly equal in toxicity to known samples at the same level. 

Blood, liver, kidney, fat Extract with hexane GC/ECD 0.001 pg/g No data Nolan and Karbowski 1978... 

Turn off the heat and immediately filter through the same filter tube previously used for the fat extraction. Wash the residue thoroughly with at least 3 X 20 ml hot distilled water, as it is essential to remove all the neutral detergent solution. Moisten a Suba-Seal and carefully push it into the bottom end of the filter tube as far as the sinter disc. Use dispensers to add 25 ml of... 

Ether extraction (to eliminate fat), extraction with 0.1 M HCl, centrifugation... 

In order to accelerate sample preparation, new extraction methodologies such as accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and MAE, based on the use of elevated temperature and pressure to heat the mixture sample-solvent, have been recently developed and applied for PAH extraction from meat [695] and vegetables [696-698]. Garda Falcon et al. [699] used microwave treatment with hexane to accelerate PAH extraction from freeze-dried foods. The fat extracted in this way underwent microwave assisted saponification with ethanolic KOH. Hernandez-Borges et al. [700] combined microwave-assisted hydrolysis and extraction to isolate organic pollutants from mussels, while... 

Figure 6. Mean sensory scores for roast pork intensity in various fractions of heated pork fat extracted with SC-CO2 at 207 bar/S0°C Means headed by different letters indicate significantly (P < 0.05) different values.

Table in. Concentrations of Volatile Compounds in Heated Pork Fat Extracted with SC-CO2 at 207 bar/50°C ... 

Dairy Fat extracted by methanol/ether clean up by GPC, GC-ECD 7 g/kg No data Fehringer... 

Olive oil, fat extracts of chicken and fish, lettuce GPC, online 3-mm-ID X 25-cm PSS SDV, 5 /xm Cyclohexane-ethyl acetate (1 1)... 

For online coupling to GC, GPC columns must be smaller than those currently used. A column packed with polystirene PSS SDV was used to measure chlorinated pesticides in olive oil, fat extracts of chicken and fish, and lettuce (75). GPC can be used for the automated online cleanup and determination of 22 OPPs in various fruits, such as apples, grapes, and kiwi fruit (80). 

The fat extracted is accompanied by the lactic acid when this is present in the cheese in such case it is well previously to neutralise the add with sodium carbonate. 

The iodine number is determined on the fat extracted from a sufficient amount of the substance (at least 100 grams) the iodine number of the oil of wheat is above 100, whereas that of egg fat is about 70-80. 

To ascertain if the fat extracted consists entirely of cacao butter, its various constants may be determined (see Fatty Substances, Vol. I). As a... 

Procedure. A System 2250 was used to perform the SFE of fat from processed snack foods. Unlike other SFE procedures described in this paper, the fat extract was not collected for any subsequent analysis. Since gravimetric determination of weight loss in the sample was used for determination of fat, a large amount of CQj was passed through each sample in a very short period of time. Parameters used are summarized in Table IX. 

Figure 2.4 (a) LC chromatogram of fat extracted from an irradiated chicken. The... 

Fractions of three groups of substances used in beer production are extracted from hops using supercritical C02. The first fraction, the so-called oil essence, was obtained via extraction with C02 at a density of 0.30 g mL 1 and a temperature of 50°C. Bitter substances were collected as the second fraction at a C02 density of 0.70 gmL 1 (50°C) that fraction overlapped only slightly the third and last fraction of neutral fats, extracted at a C02 density of 0.90gmL 1 (50°C). 

Figure 10 shows the rising base line and peak obtained from the 10% acetone eluate of the animal fat extract. All samples of beef fat exhibited this peak. 

Chromatogram 5 is one where 0.56g of fat extracted with ethyl acetate has been injected onto the column and eluted with program B at 2.0 ml/min. with phosphorus detection. 

Marin, A., Mawhinney, T.P., Marshall, R.T. 1984. Glycosidic activities of Pseudomonas fluorescens on fat-extracted skim milk, buttermilk and milk fat globule membranes. J. Dairy Sci. 67, 52-59. 

Two major types of centrifugal separators are used in press-type oil/fat extractions and wet rendering horizontal decanters and vertical stacked conical disk centrifuges. A drawing of a... 

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