Seed certification

Seed Certification Schemes ensure that seed lots meet strict standards for presence of seed-borne diseases. These schemes have been very successful at reducing the incidence of some diseases such as brmt or stinking smut in... 

With potatoes it is essential to obtain clean seed , free from vims. In some districts where the aphid is very prevalent, potato seed may have to be bonght each year. Under the Seed Certification Scheme it is mandatoiy to have the field inspected and the seed vims tested. 

The seed certification authority for England and Wales is the Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) whose functions are delegated to NIAB at Cambridge. Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA) and the Potatoes, Plant... 

But cocktails are part of the plan. Wolf s Royal Cream Soda is good, if you like cream soda (I do). For the record, it s kosher, too. The production of Absolut is supervised by Rabbi Moshe Edelmann in Sweden. Dr. Brown s Cream Soda, which originated in 1869 in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, bears the KOF-K certificate of rabbinical supervision. Dr. Brown s drinks, including cherry soda and Cel-Ray Soda, a seltzer produced with celery seed, were most popular in Jewish delis before Coca-Cola became kosher, early in the 1930s. 

ATCC issues Certificates of Analysis with cultures. Although ATCC Certificate of Analysis do not meet the specific requirements of ISO Guide 31, they do show that the biological RM culture has been authenticated and/or specific characteristics have been verified. Each ATCC Certificate of Analysis is lot-specific and includes expiration dates, the specific seeds used for propagation, and selected biochemical and morphological characteristics that are indicative of the culture. ATCC also aims to provide a Product Sheet for each microbial culture, with instructions for propagation, special features of the organism, and any imusual observations or properties. 

Above) Seed potatoes Virus-free certification programs exist for seed potatoes and some fruits look for these, and for disease-resistant varieties. 

Certification of seeds and other propagating materials as being disease-free or disease-tested is another short term application of immunoassays. Commercial products or services employing antibody-based tests are available for detecting viruses in seed potatoes and lettuce seed. These assays are performed primarily in central laboratories, but simplification of assay formats and procedures will permit seed crops to be monitored more closely throughout the production cycle to assure that elite stock remains pathogen or pest-free. 

Sexually reproduced plants, except fungi, bacteria and first generation hybrids are protected by the 1970 Plant Variety Protection Act or PVPA. This Act provides for the issuance of a certificate of plant variety protection from the Plant Variety Protection Office of the Department of Agriculture which administers the Act. The protection granted provides protection against unauthorized propagation of seed to be sold or used as a propagating material for a period of 18 years. 

Seeds and other propagation material, respecting the specific standards and certifications. 

Key words breeding, seed, variety, generation, certification. 

Field certification standards are also stringent and for the production of certified seed only 0.3% of off-types are allowed and for Pre-Basic and Basic seed this is decreased to 0.1%. 

It is important that seed used by organic producers is, wherever possible, of organic origin and this is stipulated by EU regulation 2092/91. Organic seed crops, if entered for UK certification, are currently snbject to exactly the same standards as non-organic. 

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