Coca Cola

Elavored carbonated beverages, or soft drinks, were developed by apothecaries and chemists in the early nineteenth century by the addition of flavored symps to fountain-dispensed carbonated water. The introduction of proprietary flavors began in the late 1880s. Charles H. Hires introduced his root beer extract in 1876, Vemors s Ginger Ale was marketed by James Vernor in 1880, R. S. La2enby perfected the formula for Dr. Pepper in 1885, and John S. Pemberton developed the formula for Coca-Cola in 1886. Brad s Drink was introduced in 1896 and was later renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898. 

The soft drink industry is dominated by two key players. The Coca-Cola Company and Pepsico. These two companies produce eight of the ten top soft drink brands and comprise over 72% of the soft drink market in the United States (Figs. 2 and 3). 

Carbonated Beverage Quality Control Manual, Vol. II, Beverage QuaHty Control Department, Coca-Cola USA, Adanta, Ga., 1989. 

The first well-known LCA study was funded by Coca-Cola in 1969. Its purpose was to compare resource consumption and emissions associated with beverage containers. During the energy crisis, several studies were performed with an emphasis on energy. Before 1990, LCA studies dealt mainly with emissions and use of resources and were limited to technical systems. 

The joule, symbol J, is the unit of energy in the science connntinity. It is not widely used outside the science community in the United States, but it is elsewhere. For example, in the United States, the energy content of a food product is likely expressed in food calories. This energy could be expressed in joules, and that is being done in many parts of the world. A Diet Coca Cola in Australia is labeled Low Joule rather than Low Cal as in the United States. To obtain a feeling for the size of a joule, consider the following statistics ... 

If you shake it with the Coca-Cola, it s going to splat, he said. 

At the Duplex on Sheridan Square, the blond-goateed bartender upstairs, who gave his name as C.T., served his Long Island iced tea in a pear-shaped punch glass, shooting the Coca-Cola into it with his mixer hose like a man who could spit on your head from fourteen stories up. 

I m talking to Coca-Cola, and that s my dream, said the man next to me to his group, a cocktail in front of each of them. 

But cocktails are part of the plan. Wolf s Royal Cream Soda is good, if you like cream soda (I do). For the record, it s kosher, too. The production of Absolut is supervised by Rabbi Moshe Edelmann in Sweden. Dr. Brown s Cream Soda, which originated in 1869 in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, bears the KOF-K certificate of rabbinical supervision. Dr. Brown s drinks, including cherry soda and Cel-Ray Soda, a seltzer produced with celery seed, were most popular in Jewish delis before Coca-Cola became kosher, early in the 1930s. 

At one time, Coca-Cola actually contained a form of cocaine. These days, the primary stimulant in Coca-Cola and many other beverages is caffeine. Other stimulants are less obvious. Chocolate contains theobromine, a caffeinelike stimulant. Nondrowsy cold remedies contain pseudoephedrine, a relative of ephedra, another plant-alkaloid stimulant. 

You can see a resemblance between benzocaine, procaine, and the compound that gave Coca-Cola its first name. Cocaine also has a... 

When you crack open a can of Coca Cola or Pepsi, you are tasting some of the fruits of bioohemioal engineering Most nondiet soft drinks sold in the United States are sweetened with high-fruotose oorn syrup (MFCS), a substitute for the natural sugar that oomes from cane and beets. MFCS, produced by an enzymatic reaction, is an example of the suooessful application of chemical engineering principles to bioohemioal synthesis. So successful, in fact, that more than 1.5 billion of MFCS was sold in the United States last year. 

Uses The highest value inorganic acid marketed in the U.S. and second in value to sulfuric acid. Used primarily for the preparation of salts used as fertilizers (ammonium and calcium salts), water softeners and detergents, animal feeds, and baking powder. Food-grade phosphoric acid is used to acidify soft drinks, e.g.. Coca Cola. Organic phosphates are used in flame retardants. 

In a joint project between the Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) and Coca Cola Enterprises in the UK it proved possible by redesigning bottle production to reduce the weight of 500 ml PET bottles by 8%. These lighter bottles meet all of the required performance standards, and when production reaches the full scale of 700 million p.a. will save 1400 tonnes of PET. This may seem to be a small improvement, but lightweighting of drinks bottles has been a continuous process for many years, and yet progress is still possible. 

Grossarth-Maticek, R., Eysenck, H. J., Coca-Cola, cancers, and coronaries personality and stress as mediating factors, Psychol Rep, 68, 1083, 1991. 

Another way to protect a competitive edge for a new product is to protect it by secrecy. The formula for Coca-Cola has been kept a secret for over 100 years. Potentially, there is no time limit on such protection. However, for the protection through secrecy to be viable, competitors must not be able to reproduce the product from chemical analysis. This is likely to be the case only for certain classes of specialty and food products for which the properties of... 

The continuously operated stirred-tank reactor with continuous extraction of the unconverted enantiomer yields an enantiomeric excess of 95%. Afterwards, the unconverted enantiomer is racemized and reused in the synthesis process carried out by Coca Cola. 

Coca-cola got its name from the coca leaf extract which it contained (as did a variety of wines) until 1904. Neither tolerance nor physical addiction to cocaine seem to occur, so sniffing it occasionally should be quite safe. 

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