Sarcoma lymphosarcoma

Serum Iq s in Other Lymphoid Neoplasia— Hodgkin s Disease, Reticulum Cell Sarcoma, Lymphosarcoma, and Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia... 

The sulphate of this alkaloid has been used mainly for the treatment of Hodgkin s disease, reticulum cell sarcomas, lymphosarcomas, monocytic leukaemias, choriocarcinomas, and mammary and ovary carcinomas [66-70a]. It has been used also in combination with vincristine for the treatment of acute lymphocytic and myeloblastic leukaemias in children [71]. Toxic... 

It is indicated in leukaemias, lymphogranulomatosis, lymphosarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, Hodgkin s disease, multiple myeloma, retinoblastoma, carcinoma of the breast, adenocarcinoma of the ovary, inoperable solid malignancies. It is used in combination with surgery, radiation and other therapeutic measures. 

Antitumorous and immunostimulating activity of l-(chloromethyl)silatrane and l-(chloromethyl)-3,7,10-trimethylsilatrane have been studied too79). The studies have been carried out on both healthy white rats and rats with Guerin carcinoma and sarcoma 45. In addition, the following tumorous strains have been used sarcoma MTX, sarcoma 180, cholangioma RS-1, sarcoma-1, erythroleucosis Shvetso, Pliss lymphosarcoma. 

Crocker sarcoma and Mecca lymphosarcoma tumors were found to accumulate the radioselenium slowly and continuously in contrast to rapid uptake and clearance of the label from most normal organs. Clinically, the affinity of tumors for selenium has been the basis for utilizing a radioactive nuclide of selenium as a tumor localizing agent (62, 64) The reason for the localization of selenium is not readily apparent but may reflect enhanced division rates, protein and chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis, or a decrease in the detoxification of selenium. An outgrowth of these observations has been to examine the in vitro effects of selenium supplementation on cellular propagation. 

Unmodified l-ASP wtt found to have antitumor activity against more than 50 mouse neoplums, rat Muiphy-Sturm, canine lymphosarcomas, rat fibrosarcoma, Walker carcinosarcoma, and Jensen sarcoma [60-62]. 

Chlorambucil is carcinogenic in experimental animals. When administered intraperitoneally to rats, lymphosarcomas, myelogenous leukemia, and reticulum cell sarcomas were noted. Mice receiving the material intraperitoneally developed lymphosarcomas, lung adenomas, and adenocarcinomas. Female mice developed ovarian neoplasms. 

Bundles, Coonrad, and Arends (R13) surveyed 35 patients with leukemia and detected paraproteins in at least 4, and possibly in 2 others. Since then there have been numerous reports of paraproteinemia with all kinds of lymphoma or leukemia, although almost no further surveys until 1969 when 19 of 76 patients were found to have excess light-chain excretion (L6). Personal surveys have revealed serum paraproteins in 3 atypical cases out of 124 consecutive patients with Hodgkin s disease, 26 of 207 with lymphosarcoma (see Section 7.7.2), 1 of 45 with reticulo-sarcoma, 0 of 31 with giant follicular lymphoma, 3 of 84 with chronic lymphatic leukemia, 0 of 43 with chronic myeloid leukemia, 0 of 57 with acute leukemia, and 1 of 5 with chronic monocytic leukemia as established by high lysozyme levels. Urine has revealed Bence Jones proteins in many of those with serum paraproteins and in addition only Bence Jones in 1 atypical Hodgkin s, 2 lymphosarcoma, 1 giant follicular lymphoma, yet 8 with chronic lymphatic leukemia. 

Some lanthanides have been reported to exhibit antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. The activity of sarcomas in rats and lymphatic leukemia and lymphosarcomas in mice was inhibited by La (Hisada... 

A few years ago significant palliative results were obtained by chemotherapy in a number of human neoplasma. Today it is, however, possible to list at least certain neoplastic diseases that can be associated with a normal life expectancy after treatment with drugs alone or in combination with other modalities. These neoplasms essentially include carcinoma in women, acute leukemia, Burkitt s lymphoma, Ewing s sarcoma, retinoblastoma in children, lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin s disease, rhabdomyosarcoma, mycosis ftmgoides and testicular carcinoma. 

As on data nearly ten diflfemet types of neoplasms may be cured with the aid of chemotherapy in patients quite satisfactorily, namely leukemia in children, Hodgakin s disease, Burkitt s lymphoma, Ewing s sarcoma, choriocarcinoma in women, lymphosarcoma, mycosis fimgoides, rhabdomyosarcoma, testicular carcinoma, and retinoblastoma in children. 

The evidence of several types of leukemia is convincing with regard to oeeupational exposures to paints and solvents. Increased risks for contracting other haematopoietie neoplasmas such as Hodgkin s disease, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, reticulum-cell sarcoma and lymphosarcoma were also reported. Probably all neoplasmas were caused mainly by organic solvents. Some former studies, however, included solvents which are rarely used now, especially benzene. ... 

Lymphoma, metastases, sarcoma (liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma)... 

Folic Acid Antagonists - Interest in antimetabolites that interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids continues. Studies on the transport and uptake of methotrgxate ° and 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-methylpyrimidine indicate that clinical response is related to cellular uptake of drugl and the resistance of certain cells to methotrexate appears to be due to lack of transport into these cells. Work on other resistant cell lines indicates that resistance can also be due to an increase in cellular content of folate reductase, but no correlation was observed between resistance and the level of other enzymes involved in folate metabolism. Despite these results there is evidence that the ability of methotrexate to kill cells cannot be entirely explained by its inhibition of folate reductase. Leucovorin at appropriately timed intervals improved the therapeutic index of methotrexate in the treatment of head and neck cancer, and lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma. The use of methotrexate in the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic breast carcinoma " and the use of intrathecal methotrexate also appear promising. Oxidation of methotrexate to 7-hydroxymethotrexate by liver aldehyde oxidase is probably a detoxification mechanism. Material previously reported to be tetrahydromethotrexate has now been found to be a mixture of di- and tetrahydromethotrexate, both of which are less effective than methotrexate in the inhibition of folate reductase, but more effective in the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase. ... 

Abbreviations Ad, Adenovirus EBV, Epstein-Barr virus FeLV, Feline leukemia virus FeSV, Feline sarcoma virus GaLV, Gibbon ape lymphosarcoma virus HVA, Herpesvirus ateles HVS, Herpesvirus saimiri MV, Monkey virus PML, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with three SV40-like viruses SSV-1, Woolly monkey fibrosarcoma virus SV, Simian virus. [Adapted from (477)]. 

Diamandopoulos, G.T. 1973. Induction of lymphocytic leukemia, lymphosarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, and osteogenic sarcoma in the Syrian golden hamster by oncogenic DNA simian virus 40. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 50 1347-1365. 

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