Salt-water dermatitis

Dermatitis from salt water cercarias has a sea bird as host and has been reported in the USA, Australia and Hawaii. In the workers in oriental rice fields (India, Malaya, China) and Austral Africa, fresh water dermatitis from cercarias whose hosts are buffaloes, sheep and goats has been observed. 

In 1973 Thiele and Malten [74] found in skin dermatitis, skin resistance, and water loss studies no negative effect using the sodium salt of a laurylpolyglycol ether carboxylic acid with 3.8 mol EO. 

Dermatitis-producing effect. Fruit-fixed oil, applied externally to adults at an undiluted concentration, was active ". Diuretic activity. Decoction and infusion of the dried leaf, administered orally to adults at a dose of 5 mL/person for 20-25 days, increased daily urinary output by 100-145 mL, and did not affect blood/sodium, potassium, and chloride " . Ethanol (50%) extract of the fresh leaf, administered intragastrically to rats at a dose of 40 mL/kg, was active. Five parts of fresh plant material in 100 parts water/ethanol was used "". The extracts of leaves of three isolates—GO, AO, and CT—administered to Dahl salt-sensitive, insulin-resistant rats at a dose of 60 mg/kg for 6 weeks, were active . DNA-binding effect. Methanol extract of dried leaves and twigs, at a concentration of 1 pg/mL, was inactive "". ... 

The zirconium salts of organic acids are widely applied in industry. Carboxylatozirconylic acids are used in treating dermatitis and in making textiles water repellent, while zirconium acetate, Zr(OAc)4, and the trilactozirconate Na2H[Zr(0H)(MeC(0H)C02)3] are components of body deodorants, and the 2-ethylhexanoate and naphthenate are used as siccatives. 

Among all chromium compounds only the hexavalent salts are a prime health hazard. Cr + is more readily taken up by cells, than any other valence state of the metal. Occupational exposure to these compounds can produce skin ulceration, dermatitis, perforation of the nasal septa, and kidney damage. It can induce hypersensitivity reactions of the skin and renal tubular necrosis. Examples of hexavalent salts are the chromates and dichromates of sodium, potassium, and other metals. The water-soluble hexavalent chromium salts are absorbed into the bloodstream through inhalation. Many chromium(VI) compounds are carcinogenic, causing lung cancers in animals and humans. The carcinogenicity may be attributed to intracellular conversion of Cr + to Cr +,... 

Definition Salt of chlorhexidine and gluconic acid Formuia C22H30CI2N10 2C6H12O7 Properties Sol. > 50% in water m.w. 897.76 Toxicoiogy LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (subcut., rat) 3320 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 24,200 pg/kg poison by IV route mod. toxic by ing. and subcut. routes may cause contact dermatitis mutagenic data TSCA listed... 

See aiso Aluminum chlorohydrate Polyaluminum hydroxide chloride sulfate CAS 39290-78-3 EINECS/ELINCS 254-400-7 Synonyms Aluminum chloride hydroxide sulfate Aluminum hydroxychlorosulfate Polyaluminum hydroxychlorosulfate Polyhydroxosulfatoaluminum chloride Classification Polynuclear inorg. salt Empirical AI(0H)xCI(S04)2 Properties Pale yel. powd. si. odor sol. in water Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg (Al)/m eye/skin/mucous membrane irritant may cause dermatitis may be harmful by ing. may cause nausea, vomitng, liver/kidney effects inh. hazard dust may irritate respiratory tract TSCA listed... 

Also known by the name of Baker-Rosenbach s erysipeloid, Erysipelothrix dermatitis is an acute, rarely chronic, infection induced by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiaey a non-sporigenous, non-mobile grampositive bacillus which usually has long filaments. It is a frequent infection in pigs, horses, sheep, turkeys and other animals and in salt and fresh water fish. That is... 

Water-soluble aluminum salts in antiperspirants may cause axillary dermatitis, and aluminum-adsorbed vaccines may induce contact allergy these were often detected when patch testing with Finn chambers based on aluminum. 

By feeding a diet composed of 16% casein, approximately 4% salts and vitamins and the remainder sucrose. Burr and Burr were able to induce a dietary deficiency syndrome which they later traced to the absence of linoleic acid. The principal deficiency symptoms were a diminished growth rate and a scaly dermatitis seen principally on the feet and tail. An example of a fat deficient rat is shown in Figure 1. Most of the organs of the body are affected by the deficiency and aberrations in structure or function of many tissues have been observed. Reproduction is impaired, the liver becomes fatty., kidney function is impaired, the electrocardiogram is abnormal, and the permeability of the skin toward water is much increased- This leads to evaporative loss of water and of heat from the body accounting for an increased food consumption and a diminished caloric efficiency. 

---