Saccharomyces uvarum

One of the first reports on yeast-mediated color removal by a putative process of biosorption of azo dyes by yeast (Rhodotorula sp.) biomass belongs to [31]. Yeast species such as Kluveromyces marxianus removed the diazo dye remazol black B [10], Candida catenulata and Candida kefyr removed more than 90% of amaranth by biosorption [6]. Biosorption uptake of the textile azo dyes remazol blue, reactive black, and reactive red by S. cerevisiae and C. tropicalis varied according to the selected dye, dye concentration, and exposure time [5, 7]. In a recent screening work carried out by [32], from the 44 yeast strains tested for their decolorization ability, 12 of them removed the dye Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP by biosorption, among them the following were identified S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces uvarum, Torulopsis Candida, and Saccharomycopsis lipolytica. 

Whereas 60% of yeast species can use sucrose, and 33% can use raffinose, only 12% of the 439 species considered in Table III unequivocally utilize melibiose [0-a-D-galaetopyranosyl-(l->6)-a-D-glu-copyranose]. The best known of these melibiose-using yeasts are the bottom (lager) yeasts, formerly called Saccharomyces carlsber-gensis,184,185 subsequently Saccharomyces uvarum, and now, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.5 (Consequently, at present, Saccharomyces... 

Hydrolysis and Utilization of Raffinose by Cultures of Saccharomyces uvarum of Various Genotypes198... 

ADH CD 3D HEThDP Mes nh PAC PDC PDCS.c. PDCS.u. PDCZ.w. So.5 ThDP v/S v max wt alcohol dehydrogenase circular dichroism three-dimensional 2-(hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate 4-morpholineethanesulfonsaure Hill-coefficient phenylacetyl carbinol pyruvate decarboxylase PDC from Saccharomyces cerevisiae PDC from Saccharomyces uvarum PDC from Zymomonas mobilis substrate concentration necessary for half-maximal velocity thiamine diphosphate velocity vs substrate concentration maximal velocity wild-type... 

Protein design by site-directed mutagenesis on pyruvate decarboxylase became possible after the 3D-structure of the enzyme from Saccharomyces uvarum had become available [35], Based on sequence comparison and secondary structure prediction, the 3D-structure of the yeast enzyme served as a model for PDCZ.m. [163], The point mutations which have been introduced into the two enzymes (Tables 4 and 5) concern catalytically important residues as well as significant side-chain interactions at the domain interface of the dimer. Besides, site-directed mutagenesis offered a powerful tool to improve the car-boligase reaction of PDCZ.m. with respect to the synthesis of (P)-PAC [163,164,170]. 

Gregory (118) has determined vitamin Bg, using Saccharomyces uvarum. The method is used for the estimation of vitamin Bg in fortified breakfast cereals. 

Muratore, G., Nicolosi Asmundo, C., Lanza, C. M., Caggia, C., Licciardello, F., and Restuccia, C. (2007). Influence of Saccharomyces uvarum on volatile acidity, aromatic and sensory profile of Malvasia delle Lipari wine. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 45,101-106. 

Magyar, I. and Toth, T. (2011). Comparative evaluation of some oenological properties in wine strains of Candida stellata, Candida zemplinina. Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Food Microbiol. 28, 94 100. 

Pulvirenti, A., Huu-Vang, N., Cinzia Caggia, C., Giudici, P., Rainieri, S., and Zambonelli, C. (2000). Saccharomyces uvarum, a proper species within Saccharomyces sensu stricto. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 192,191-196. 

Tosi, E., Azzolini, M., Guzzo, F., and Zapparoli, G. (2009b). Evidence of different fermentation behaviours of two indigenous strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces uvarum isolated from Amarone wine. J. Appl. Microbiol. 107, 210-218. 

The term flavour will be used in its broadest sense to incorporate aroma, taste, and mouth-feel. Yeast taxonomy is according to Kurtzman and Fell (1998), with the exception of the former species Saccharomyces uvarum, for which species status is still unresolved (Nguyen and Gaillardin 2005), and will therefore be recorded as Saccharomyces species bayanus/uvarum Yeast gene and enzyme notations are according to the Saccharomyces Genome Database (http //yeastgenome.org). 

Cheraiti, N., Guezenec, S., Salmon, J. M. (2005) Redox interactions between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces uvarum in mixed culture under enologjcal conditions. Applied... 

Nguyen, H. V, Gaillardin, C. (2005) Evolutionary relationships between the former species Saccharomyces uvarum and the hybrids Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces pastori-anus reinstatement of Saccharomyces uvarum (Beijerinck) as a distinct species. FEMS Yeast Research, 5, 471 83. 

The information given in this Chapter is based chiefly on studies with relatively few kinds of yeast, the most popular of which have been Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces uvarum (synonymous with Saccharomyces carlsbergensis), Candida utilis (that is, Torulopsis or Torula utilis), and Kluyveromyces (Saccharomyces) fragilis.91... 

Under certain conditions, only about half of the D-glucose taken up by anaerobic Saccharomyces uvarum (carlsbergensis) may be metabolized to ethanol and glycerol297 most of the D-glucose remaining... 

Yeast Type Saccharomyces uvarum (carlsbergensis) Saccharomyces cervisiae... 

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