Residual capacity

Fibroelastic Fibrous material possessing elastic properties. In the airway, fi-broelastic tissue throughout the lung contributes to its overall elasticity, generating a positive recoil force at the functional residual capacity, or resting state of the lungs. 

Functional residual capacity (FRC) Gas volume remaining in the airway at... 

Figure 27. Relation of Mn02 heat treatment temperature and residual capacity ratio after 11 months at 60 °C.

Elevations of serum transaminase concentrations generally are not correlated with the residual capacity of the liver to metabolize drugs, so these markers cannot be used directly as guides for residual metabolic capacity. Hepatically cleared TB drugs include isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethionamide, and p-aminosalicylic acid.39 Ciprofloxacin is about 50% cleared by... 

Define functional residual capacity, inspiratory capacity, total lung capacity, and vital capacity... 

Both the Weibel A and Yeh-Schum models need to be reduced in scale to represent adult human lung at a normal level of inflation corresponding to 3000 ml functional residual capacity (FRC) (Yu and Diu, 1982). Partial scaling has been included in some dosimetric models (NEA, 1983 James, 1984) but not in others. In all cases the airway sizes used to represent adult lung correspond to a higher level of inflation than the standard FRC, leading to general but relatively small underestimates of bronchial dose. 

Bordeaux mixture for the first week. After 4 weeks the effectiveness of Bordeaux mixture decreased somewhat, but for practical purposes the other compounds had almost completely lost the ability to protect plants against the disease. It appears then that there are fungicides as effective as Bordeaux mixture, but none have the residual capacity of this mixture. Perenox (copper oxide), zinc coposil, and cupro-cide (cuprocisoxide), with and without stickers, have also been evaluated. Perenox alone at the concentration of 2 pounds per 100 gallons of water proved to be as effective as 1% Bordeaux mixture. The other two were ineffective. 

Most fungicides, especially the organic ones, have residual capacity markedly inferior to that of Bordeaux mixture. However, the tenacity could be improved by the addition of adhesives, especially when used in regions of heavy rain. Only preliminary trials in Costa Rica have been conducted in this important problem. Of 14 stickers tested on cacao seedlings in relation to the control of Phytophthora rot of cacao, none gave satisfactory results. 

Most lung volumes can be measured with a spirometer except total lung capacity (TLC), functional residual capacity (FRC) and residual volume (RV). The FRC can be measured by helium dilution or body plethysmography. 

After 2 h of ozone exposure, there was a significant change (p < 0.05) in Fvc, KMF, and airway resistance (Raw) Several other measures (feVi, Vjq, and V35) were lower after 2 h of exposure, but the statistical significance was borderline. However, after 4 h of exposure, all flow measures were significantly decreased, compared with controls. After 4 h, increased, FVC decreased further, and feV decreased significantly. Residual volume, functional residual capacity, and total lung volume did not change as a result of the ozone exposure. 

Du Bois. A. B., S. Y. Botelho, G. N. Bedell. R. Marshall, and J. H. Comroe. A rapid plethysmographic method for measuring thoracic gas volume A comparison with a nitrogen washout method for measuring functional residual capacity in normal subjects. J. Clin. Invest. 35 322-326, 1956. 

Characteristics of existing WWTPs (nominal capacity, residual capacity, treatment sequence, authorized limits for the final discharge)... 

Total lung capacity Inspiratory capacity Functional residual capacity... 

Calculate the fractional residual capacity at the break point for the fixed-bed of Example 11.2. The fractional residual capacity of the adsorption zone can be approximated as 0.5. 

Estimate the residual capacity, when the interstitial velocity is doubled. It can be assumed that the averaged overall volumetric coefficient increases with the interstitial velocity to the power of 0.2. 

Since the fractional residual capacity of the adsorption zone is 0.5 and the bed height is 0.25 m, the residual capacity is given as (0.196x0.5)... 

When the height of the adsorbent bed is 50 cm under the same operating conditions given in Example 11.2, estimate the residual capacity. 

Male Wistar rats exposed to 243 ppm [437 mg/m ] acetaldehyde atmospheres for 8 h per day on five days per week for five weeks showed increases in functional residual capacity, residual volume, total lung capacity and respiratoiy frequency. These changes were interpreted as being caused by damage to the peripheral regions of the lung parenchyma (Saldiva et al., 1985). 

Self-discharge measurement is a special case of galvanostatic measurement, recording the evolution of potential versus time at zero current, or measuring the residual capacity after some delay... 

Alveolar wash-in This term refers to the replacement of the normal lung gases with the inspired anesthetic mixture. The time required for this process is directly proportional to the functional residual capacity of the lung, and inversely proportional to the ventilatory rate it is independent of the physical properties of the gas. Once the partial pressure builds within the lung, anesthetic uptake from the lung begins. 

C asthmatic (5 men and S wmen, aged 18-25) 0 0,0.8, or 1.8 45 min (15 min exercise, 15 min nest, 15 min exercise) No treatment related effects, including increase in severity of upper respiratory lower respiratory, other symptoms no significant differences between treated and control groups in pulmonary function tests (total respiratory resistance, thoracic gas volume at functional residual capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced viral capacity, maximal flow at 50% and 75% of expired vital capacity) no changes in nasal power data between treated and control groups Stevens et al. 1992... 

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