Reinforced Concrete Structures Design

The RSSF would probably be a reinforced concrete structure designed to withstand earthquakes, etc. 

In structural design in the context of civil engineering, there are three construction materials that are dominant steel, reinforced concrete, and timber. Each has its own design specifications. Thus, steel structure design, reinforced-concrete structure design, and timber structure design are three main design disciplines. 

Structural Engineering Area Structural engineering is the earliest developed civil engineering technical specialty area. It has the most undergraduate courses to offer. Beyond the engineering mechanics courses and the mechanics of materials, there are Structural Analysis, Reinforced Concrete Structures Design, and Steel Structures Design. 

The Academy of Building Science of China Code of Reinforced Concrete Structural Design TJlO-74, Building Industry Press,Bejing,China 1974 (in Chinese)... 

Very often steel sheet pilings exist in conjunction with steel-reinforced concrete structures in harbors or locks. If cathodic protection is not necessary for the reinforced concrete structure, there is no hindrance to the ingress of the protection current due to the connection with the steel surfaces to be protected. The concrete surface has to be partly considered at the design stage. An example is the base of the ferry harbor at Puttgarden, which consists of reinforced concrete and is electrically connected to the uncoated steel sheet piling. 

Crete is stressed in tension. Although the tensile strength of concrete-polymer is higher by a factor of 4 than that of concrete, it is still relatively low compared with that of steel. Standard tests on reinforcing bars in which a 1-inch diameter steel rod is pulled out of a 6-inch diameter concrete cylinder indicated that the force needed to pull the bar from a concrete-polymer cylinder was three times the force required for a cylinder of ordinary concrete. This greatly improved bond strength between concrete-polymer and steel is important in concrete structural design. 

AIRFORMED CERASHELL is based on the concept of air-supported forming, used successfully for the past 25 years with steel reinforced concrete structures. An airform, or balloon, is designed to inflate to a specific size and shape. Polyurethane foam is sprayed onto the inside surface of the balloon, with concrete as the interior coating. Steel reinforcing bars are pinned to the foam, prior to spraying the con-... 

Metal or steel reinforced concrete structures which are not in themselves inert to chemical attack (corrosion) from the environment in which they are designed to serve can very rarely be protected by a metallic surfacing. The normal protection under such conditions will be supplied by a nonmetal, often a coating. Each nonmetal so used has its own limitations—chemical or thermal—which must be considered. Therefore, in many cases, a combination of two or more nonmetals is required to provide the necessary ultimate protection to the steel or concrete. 

Kamaitis, Z. Structural Design of Polymer Protective Coatings for Reinforced Concrete Structures. Part I Theoretical Considerations, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 13, No. 1 (2007) 11-17. 

Rebar, reinforcing bar-Ribbed steel bars installed in foundation concrete walls, footers, and poured in place concrete structures designed to strengthen concrete. Comes in various thickness and strength grade. 

Durability should be taken into consideration when details of a structure are designed [15]. Very often even simple details may prevent or promote significant deterioration of a reinforced-concrete structure. 

Cathodic protection of reinforced-concrete structures exposed to the atmosphere was apphed for the first time to bridge decks contaminated by de-icing salts by R. F. StratfuU in California in 1973 [1,2]. In the years following, design and protection criteria were elaborated, as well as power supply and monitoring systems completely different from those used for cathodic protection of buried steel structures or structures operating in seawater. Above all, it was proved that cathodic protection was a rehable repair technique even in the presence of high chloride contents, where traditional systems of rehabilitation are inefficient or very costly. 

Andrade, C., Alonso, C., Feliu, S. and Gonzalez, J.A. (1995). Progress on Design and Residual Life Calculation with Regard to Rebar Corrosion on Reinforced Concrete, in Techniques to Assess the Corrosion Activity of Steel Reinforced Concrete Structures, ASTM STP 1276, N.S. Berke, E. Escalante, C.K. Nmai and D. Whiting (eds), American Society of Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA. 

Within the Nuclear Island, each reactor module is housed in adjacent, but separate, reinforced concrete structures located below grade enclosed by a common maintenance hall. This configuration provides significant design... 

The primary loads considered in the design of reinforced-concrete structures which must serve to ensure, with a high level of confidence, that systems or components they house can fulfill their lOCFRlOO-related radionuclide control functions under design basis conditions are as follows ... 

Reinforced-concrete structural elements are designed by the strength method in accordance with the ACI 349 code. 

ISIS-Canada (2001). Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Structures with Externally-Bonded Fibre Reinforced Polymers. Design Manual No. 4. Winnipeg, Manitoba, ISIS-Canada. 

Sheard, P. A., J. L. Clarke, M. J. U. DiU, G. P. Hammersley and D. M. Richardson (1997). Eurocrete - Taking account of durability for design of FRP reinforced concrete structures. Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-3, Sapporo, Japan, pp. 75-82. 

---