Steel Sheet Piling

Very often steel sheet pilings exist in conjunction with steel-reinforced concrete structures in harbors or locks. If cathodic protection is not necessary for the reinforced concrete structure, there is no hindrance to the ingress of the protection current due to the connection with the steel surfaces to be protected. The concrete surface has to be partly considered at the design stage. An example is the base of the ferry harbor at Puttgarden, which consists of reinforced concrete and is electrically connected to the uncoated steel sheet piling. 

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NS A, Blast Furnace Slag, Ideal Backfill Material for Steel Sheet Piling, 166.2, National Slag Association, Alexandria, VA, 1966. 

The lET barrier system is a patented, commercially available in situ technology for the diversion and collection of contaminated groundwater or the confinement of contaminated soil. The lET barrier can be constructed as a boom around a portion of the contaminated area or as a bottomless tank. Barriers consist of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner or thick steel sheet pile with a patented locking mechanism. Collection reservoirs are installed adjacent to the barrier and can be used to treat contaminants in place or to pump contaminated groundwater to the surface for treatment. 

The Waterloo Barrier is a low-permeability cutoff wall for groundwater containment and control. The technology uses steel sheet piling with joints that can be sealed after the sheets have been driven into the ground. This technology has also been used as a soil-gas barrier. 

The Waterloo Barrier does not remediate wastes. The contaminant plume must be small enough for enclosure to be practical. The vibration and noise associated with pile driving equipment may be a problem in densely populated areas. Funnel-and-gate system can be problematic because they alter groundwater flow. In bouldered terrain and very dense unconsolidated sediments, the use of sheet piling may not be possible. Steel sheet pile applications are generally restricted to depths of less than 30 m. At some sites it is necessary to seal the barrier system to bedrock. 

Steel sheet pile walls also have the advantage of not requiring site excavation. However, the interlocks are sources of leakage as soon as placed. In general, sheet piling is not recommended as a primary barrier to enclose contamination. 

Fig. 8-5. Commonly used piles, (a) Precast concrete (b) Raymond cast-in-place pile (may have spread footing by ramming concrete) (c) steel pipe pile (may have spread footing by ramming concrete) (d) steel P-bcam pile (e) wood (/) steel sheet piling.

Phase 4. Electrode Installation. Electrode installation took place in June, 2002. Electrodes were to be installed parallel to the long side of the rectangular cell (Fig. 32.7a). Figure 32.7b shows the stages of cell construction including electrode placement. The electrodes (anodes and cathodes) were constructed from steel pipe, although steel sheet pile was another option it was simply a matter... 

Some of the worst conditions are met in excavations that have to be taken below the water table (Forth, 2004). In such cases, the water level must be lowered by some method of dewatering. The method adopted depends on the permeability of the ground and its variation within the stratal sequence, the depth of base level below the water table and the piezometric conditions in underlying horizons. Pumping from sumps within an excavation, bored wells or wellpoints are the dewatering methods most frequently used (Bell and Cashman, 1986). Impermeable barriers such as steel sheet piles, secant piles, diaphragm walls, frozen walls and grouted walls can be used to keep water out of excavations (Bell and Mitchell, 1986). Ideally, these structures should be keyed into an impermeable horizon beneath the excavation. 

In some cases, only one type of soil is readily obtainable for an earth dam. If this is impervious, then the design will consist of a homogeneous embankment, which incorporates a small amount of permeable material in order to control internal seepage. On the other hand, where sand and gravel are in plentiful supply, a very thin earth core may be built into the dam if enough impervious soil is available, othenwise an impervious membrane may be constructed of concrete or interlocking steel sheet piles. However, since concrete can withstand very little settlement, such core walls should be located on sound foundations. 

The steel sheet pile wall is assumed to be made of mUd steel with a Young modulus of 200,000 MPa and a Poison s ratio of 0.3. It is modeled using elastic elements. For instance, the cross section and the properties of a sheet pile used in practice are shown in Fig. 25.9. The thickness of the steel finite elements is assumed to be 0.2 m, giving bending stif iess equivalent to the real one. Since the thickness of... 

Fig. 25.9 Cross-section and properties of steel sheet-pile...

The structural lateral displacement (drift) during earthquake is an important criterion to evaluate whether a steel sheet pile waU could help to control stability. The... 

For existing multi-storey buildings supported through rafted pile foundations on a liquefiable soil, the steel sheet pile wall bearing on the non-liquefiable soil surface seems to be an optimum solution for protecting the building from soil liquefaction. 

Dolphin protection systems. These usually consist of large diameter circular cells constructed of driven steel sheet piles, filled with rock or sand, and topped by a thick concrete cap. Vessel collision loads are absorbed by rotation and lateral deformation of the cell during impact. 

Steel sheet piles are Interlocked steel sections driven into the ground to resist side pressure on the excavation trench. 

These results confirm the experience obtained with steel sheet pilings in the seawater of Kure Beach in which the corrosion profile shown schematically here in Figure 17 was found after 5 years [55],... 

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