Insulin-like growth factors receptors

IGF receptor, insulin-like growth factors. IHB, inhibin. 

Bouaboula, M., Perrachon, S., Milligan, L., Canatt, X., Rinaldi-Carmona, M., Portier, M., Barth, F., Calandra, B., Pecceu, F., Lupker, J., Maffrand, J.-P., Le Fur, G., and Casellas, P. (1997). A selective inverse agonist for central cannabinoid receptor inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase activation stimulated by insulin or insulin-like growth factor. J. Biol. Ckem. 272 22330-22339. 

Insulin Desensitization Insulin Receptor Insulin Resistance Insulin Secretagogues Insulin-like Growth Factor Integrase Integrin, a 4(31 Integrin, a 4(3 7 Integrin, a IIb(3 3... 

The insulin-like growth factor I receptor is closely related to the insulin receptor. The RTK activity of the IGF-I receptor is regulated by intermolecular autophosphorylation at three sites within the activation loop. The crystal structure of the trisphosphorylated form of IGF-I RTK domain with an ATP analog and a specific peptide substrate showed that autophosphorylation stabilizes the activation loop in a conformation that facilitates catalysis. Furthermore, the structure revealed how... 

Favelyukis, S., Till, J. H., Hubbard, S. R., and Miller, W. T., Structure and autoregulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor kinase, Nat. Struct. Biol., 8, 1058-1063, 2001. 

Gronborg, M., Wulff, B. S., Rasmussen, J. S., Kjeldsen, T., and Gammeltoft, S., Structure-function relationship of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor tyrosine kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 268, 23435-13440, 1993. 

There is only one major system of interacting growth factors and receptors in the fetus — the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system (Table 1 and Fig. 1). Ignoring various binding proteins that modulate IGF actions in tissues and... 

Karas, M., M. Danilenko, D. Fishman et al. 1997. Membrane-associated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 inhibits insulin-like growth factor-I-induced insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling in ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. J Biol Chem 272(26) 16514—16520. 

There are several alternative pathways associated with the balance between proliferation and apoptosis that are affected by lycopene treatment, especially the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway. Another is the possibility that lycopene or one of its breakdown products has retinoid activity. Kotake-Nara et al. compared acyclo-retinoic acid, an in vitro oxidation product of lycopene, to four actively researched anticarcinogenic retinoids. Acycloretinoic acid was found to more actively reduce PC-3 and DU-145 cell viabilities (but not LNCaP) through apoptosis in a medium already containing small amounts of natural retinoids. But study concentrations were 20 pM, far above physiologically relevant lycopene concentrations, let alone the smaller concentration of one of its breakdown products. Acycloretinoic acid had a very low affinity for the retinoid X receptors (RXR) and retinoic acid receptors (RAR) receptors (Kotake-Nara et al. 2002). 

Kanagaraj, P, MR Vijayababu, B Ravisankar, J Anbalagan, MM Aruldhas, and J Aranakaran. 2007. Effect of lycopene on insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF binding protein-3, and IGF type-1 receptor in prostate cancer cells. 7 Cancer Res Clin Oncol 133 351-359. 

Ryan, CJ, CM Haqq, J Simko et al. 2007. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in local and metastatic prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2007(2) 134—140. 

LCM, laser captured microdissection ESI, electrospray ionization PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1. 

Lee AV, Cui X, Oesterreich S (2002) Cross-talk among estrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor signaling in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 7(12 Suppl) 4429s... 

Fulvestrant has been reported to decrease both insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) stimulated cell growth and IGF-I receptor mRNA (Huynh et al. 1996). Moreover, in the human fetal osteoblast cell line (hFOB/ER9 cells), both ICI 164384 and fulvestrant blocked the estradiol-induced increase in IGF-I mRNA levels (Kassem et al. 1998). 

Huynh H, Nickerson T, Poliak M, YangX (1996) Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I receptor expression by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182780. Clin Cancer Res 2 2037-2042... 

Hembree JR, Agarwal C, Beard RL, Chandraratna RA, and Eckert R [1996] Retinoid X receptor-specific retinoids inhibit the ability of retinoic acid receptor-specific retinoids to increase the level of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in human ectocervical epithelial cells. Cancer Res 56 1794-1799... 

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