Rankine factors

E =joint efficiency, 0.35-1.0 F = summation of all vertical downward forces, lb Fa = allowable compressive stress, psi f = vertical reactions at support points, lb hj = depth of contents to point of evaluation, ft Ki,K2 = rankines factors, ratio of lateral to vertical pressure... 

T = absolute temperatures, °R (Rankine) = °F + 460 R = universal gas constant = 10.729 for units noted here Z = compressibility factor N = number of lb-moles of gas... 

Specific predictive factors for outcome after surgical intervention have not been well defined in the literature. In one prospective, multicenter observational study of 95 patients, the state of consciousness was the only predictive factor retained in a logistic regression analysis." In this study, there was a 2.8-fold increased risk for poor outcome for each increase on a three-step scale (awake/drowsy, somnolent/ stuporous, and comatose), and good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score <2) were achieved in 86%, 76%, and 47% of patients within each group, respectively. 

Still other units encountered in the literature and workplace come from various other systems (absolute and otherwise). These include metric systems (c.g.s. and MKS), some of whose units overlap with SI units, and those (FPS) based on English units. The Fahrenheit and Rankine temperature scales correspond to the Celsius and Kelvin, respectively. We do not use these other units, but some conversion factors are given in Appendix A. Regardless of the units specified initially, our approach is to convert the input to SI units where necessary, to do the calculations in SI units, and to convert the output to whatever units are desired. 

Rankin EB, Fuh KC, Taylor TE et al (2010) AXL is an essential factor and therapeutic target for metastatic ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 70 7570-7579... 

Rankine et al. (70) observed in Australian wines that the critical factor governing growth of lactics in wine was sulfur dioxide content. These studies of the M-L fermentation in native American and hybrid wines seem to confirm this observation. With the range of pH and temperature noted for these wines, the M-L fermentation occurred quite regularly as long as the free sulfur dioxide content was low (20 ppm or less). However, no growth of lactics was found if levels of free sulfur dioxide approached or exceeded 50 ppm. 

Characterization factor the UOP characterization factor K, defined as the ratio of the cube root of the molar average boiling point, TB, in degrees Rankine (°r = °F + 460), to the specific gravity at 60°F/60°F ... 

Santucci D, Rankin J, Laviola G, et al. 1994. Early exposure to aluminum affects eight-arm maze performance and hippocampal nerve growth factor in adult mice. Neurosci Lett 166 89-92. 

The In P vs. 1/T relation over a short range is very nearly linear. Our procedure is therefore to take 5 points, including the point at the temperature of interest and two points on either side, and to do a linear least-squares fit, from which the required derivative in Eq. (4.11) can be found. Temperatures are in rankines, pressures in psia, volumes in cu ft/lbm, and enthalpies in Btu/lbm. The molar mass M of tetrafluoroethane is 102.04. The factor 5.4039 converts energy units from (psia)(cu ft) to Btu. 

Where Tb is the molal average boiling point of the fraction in degrees Rankin and s is the specific gravity of the Iraction. The K-factor can be correlated with other physical parameters of the fraction API gravity and viscosity API gravity and flash point API gravity and aniline point flash point and refractive index. 

Rankine, B., Bridson, D. (1971) Glycerol in Australian wines and factors influencing its formation. American Journal ofEnology and Viticulture, 23, 6-12. 

Polytropic process, 68-69 Potential energy, 14-17, 22-24, 31-33, 212-213 Power-plant cycles, 247-271 Rankine, 250-253 regenerative, 255-256 thermodynamic analysis of, 556-561 Poynting factor, 329 Pressure, 9-11 critical, 55-56, 571-572 partial, 300... 

A degree is both a temperature and a temperature interval, a fact that sometimes leads to confusion. Consider the temperature interval from 0°C to 5°C. There are nine Fahrenheit and nine Rankine degrees in this interval, and only five Celsius degrees and five Kelvin. An interval of 1 Celsius degree or Kelvin therefore contains 1.8 Fahrenheit or Rankine degrees, leading to the conversion factors... 

A major study of condensing on the outside of vertical enhanced tubes has been carried out at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in connection with geothermal Rankine cycle condensers. About 12 tubes were tested with ammonia, isobutane, and various fluorocarbons. The report by Domingo [163] on R-ll concluded that the best surface was the axially fluted tube, followed, in order, by the deep spirally fluted tube, spiral tubes, and roped tubes. The composite (vapor and tube wall) heat transfer coefficient was as much as 5.5 times the smooth-tube value. This high performance was further improved to a factor of 7.2 by using skirts to periodically drain off the condensate. 

The efficiency of the Rankine cycle can be improved by returning the steam to the boiler after partial steam expansion in a process referred to as reheat. Reheat cycles add significant complexity to the turbine, the boiler, and the controls but, at large scale, the increased complexity and cost can be justified by the increase in efficiency of a few percent. Other significant factors affecting overall... 

In that a double integration is involved and that a theoretical instead of experimental single particle cross-section is employed, this agreement between theory and experiment should not be construed as a sensitive check on the momentum distribution of nucleons. Their calculation should be considered as indicating the feasibility of interpreting photomeson production from complex nuclei in terms of purely kinematical factors. The possibility of obtaining information on nucleon momentum distributions from more elaborate photomeson production experiments is under investigation by Rankin etal,. ... 

The first was the physical restriction of the jjeptide motion, more specifically its diffusion within the water cylinders, owing to the geometric constrain of hexagonal architecture. The second factor is the chemical interactions of the peptide with the polar heads of monoolein. These two effects were separated and quantified by SD-NMR analysis (SD-NMR). Rankin s model [43] was used to calculate the theoretical diffusion coefficients of desmopressin within the channels of the Hu mesophase, assuming no interactions of the peptide with GMO and TAG. Using the theoretical diffusion coefficient of the drug and the measured diffusion values, the observed decrease in diffusion coefficients of the peptide in the Hn mesophase was clarified (Fig. 12.23), defining two obstruction factors. The obstruction factors enabled quantification of the effects of both physical restriction (p) and the chemical interactions (y). 

The so-called factors of energy , intensity and capacity, were introduced by Rankine and J. Thomson. Rankine also introduced the name energetics , popularised by Ostwald (see p. 597). 

The dynamic behavior of L-shaped cantilever walls was explored by means of 1-g shaking table testing. The aim of the experimental investigation is to better understand the soil-wall dynamic interaction problem, the relationship between design parameters, stability safety factors and failure mechanisms, and the validation of the seismic Rankine theoretical model. The test series were conducted to the Bristol Laboratory for Advanced Dynamics Engineering (BLADE), University of Bristol, UK. Details on the experimental hardware, materials, configurations and procedure are provided in the ensuing. 

MSRs also operate at high temperature, which allows far higher thermal efficiencies approaching 50%, with a choice of steam Rankin or various gas Brayton technologies. This factor alone represents a significant source of capital cost reduction. 

This combination of factors is graphed in Fig. 12-21, which shows an optimum peak that results from the interaction of temperature and time. An empirical temperature for maximum growth [19] is taken to be 8/9 of the polymer s melting temperature in absolute units, that is, degrees Kelvin or Rankine. 

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