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Radioactive strontium

These chemical effects become important in medicine because living systems operate mostly through the reactions of enzymes, which catalyze all sorts of metabolic reactions but are very sensitive to small changes in their environment. Such sensitivity can lead to preferential absorption of some deleterious isotopes in place of the more normal, beneficial ones. One example in metabolic systems can be found in the incorporation of a radioactive strontium isotope in place of calcium. [Pg.364]

Strontium-90, a radioactive strontium isotope with a half-hfe of 29 years, is a dangerous fallout source of radiation from atmospheric nuclear bombs. If a person is exposed to it, it will rapidly accumulate in bone tissue and interfere with the production of new red blood cells... [Pg.77]

Some zeolites have a strong affinity for particular cations. Clinoptilolite (HEU) is a naturally occurring zeolite which sequesters caesium, and is used by British Nuclear Fuels (BNFL) to remove Cs from radioactive waste, exchanging its own Na ions for the radioactive Cs cations. Similarly, zeolite A can be used to recover radioactive strontium. Zeolites were heavily used in the clean up operations after the Chernobyl and Three Mile Island incidents. [Pg.320]

The Sr-82 used in these studies was produced by spallation of a molybdenum target with 800 MeV protons at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) and radiochemically separated by the Nuclear Chemistry Group at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) (22). The major radionuclidic contaminant in the Sr-82 is Sr-85 which is present in at least 1 1 ratio relative to Sr-82. The actual ratio depends upon the length of time after the production of radioactive strontium. Because of the 65 day half life of Sr-85 and the 25 day half life of Sr-82, the Sr-85 Sr-82 ratio increases with time. Other radionuclides found by the Hammersmith group in the processed Sr-82/85 shipment were Sr-89 ( 1%), Sr-90 ( 0.01%), Co-58 ( 1%) and Rb-84 ( 1%) from (17). [Pg.102]

Strontium-85 with SrCl2 carrier was added to an aliquot of the calcium-strontium solution to form a radioactive solution with l X 10 M Sr. At the start of an experiment, a small quantity (20 p ) of the radioactive solution was injected into the solution stream above the glauconite column and the column was eluted with solution until all the radioactive strontium had moved through the column. The eluent was collected in fractions and each fraction was analyzed to determine the migration characteristics of the strontium in the column. [Pg.183]

The radioactive strontium in solution vs. the eluate fractions for each flow rate is plotted in Figure 11. The strontium... [Pg.183]

Fajardo, Y., Gomez, E., Mas, F., Garcias, F., Cerda, V., and Casas, M., Multisyringe flow injection analysis of stable and radioactive strontium in samples of environmental interest, Appl. Radiat. Isot., 61, 273-277, 2004. [Pg.560]

Ellis, F.B., Mercer, E.R. Milbourn, G.M. (1968) The contamination of grassland with radioactive strontium - II Effect of lime and cultivation on the levels of strontium-90 in herbage. Radiation Botany, 8, 269-84. [Pg.110]

Middleton, L.J. (1959) Radioactive strontium and caesium in the edible parts of crop plants after foliar contamination. International Journal of Radiation Botany, 1, 387-402. [Pg.112]

The anthropogenic radionuclides of most concern are those produced as fission products from nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors. The most devastating release from the latter source to date resulted from the April 26, 1986, explosion, partial meltdown of the reactor core, and breach of confinement structures by a power reactor at Chernobyl in the Ukraine. This disaster released 5 x 107 Ci of radionuclides from the site, which contaminated large areas of Soviet Ukraine and Byelorussia, as well as areas of Scandinavia, Italy, France, Poland, Turkey, and Greece. Radioactive fission products that are the same or similar to elements involved in life processes can be particularly hazardous. One of these is radioactive iodine, which tends to accumulate in the thyroid gland, which may develop cancer or otherwise be damaged as a result. Radioactive cesium exists as the Cs+ ion and is similar to sodium and potassium in its physiological behavior. Radioactive strontium forms the Sr2+ ion and substitutes for Ca2+, especially in bone. [Pg.247]

Synthetic and natural zeolites have also been intensively investigated. They are inexpensive and widely available sorbents that should be employable for strontium recovery. Some of these sorption materials, such as type A zeolites and natural chabazite are known to be effectively employed for the removal of radioactive strontium from technological solutions [246, 247] so contaminated. [Pg.130]

The second column from the left contains the alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra, respectively). Magnesium and calcium are present everywhere and are needed by our salty bodies and the salty bodies of our fellow creatures. Calcium is vital to bones, teeth, seashells, and exoskeletons. Calcium plays a critical role in the operation of our muscles as well as communication between cells. Because strontium is in this family, radioactive strontium, a fission product of certain atomic reactions, can be absorbed by the body and used as it would use calcium. Radium, another radioactive element, is also found in this family. [Pg.294]

Mohapatra, P.K., Pathak, P.N., Kelkar, A., and Manchanda, V.K., Selective permeation of radioactive strontium from simulated high level waste solutions using a polymer inclusion filter containing a crown ether carrier. New J. Chem., 2004, 28 1004—1009. [Pg.916]

Radioactive (Strontium) Sr-90 Removal Using C20 ODPPA (2-Octyldodecyl Phenylphosphonic Acid) Extractant... [Pg.1062]

Strontium (0.02% of lithosphere) occurs as strontianite, SrCOg, and celestite, SrS04. The metal which has the c.c.p. structure is without economic importance except in pyrotechnics. The radioactive strontium-90 is long-lived and, being easily assimilated and incorporated in bone, is a dangerous product of uranium fission. [Pg.259]

Consider a rock that contains both rubidium and strontium. It will contain two isotopes of strontium. One is naturally occurring strontium-86, and the other is radioactive strontium-87, which is produced when the rock s rubidium-87 breaks down. [Pg.504]

There are other medical applications for radioactive strontium isotopes. Strontium-90 is used to treat a variety of eye disorders. And strontium-85 and strontium-87m are used to study the condition of bones in a person s body. [Pg.559]

Strontium can also exist as several radioactive isotopes, the most common is °Sr. Strontium-90 is formed in nuclear reactors or during the explosion of nuclear weapons. Radioactive strontium generates beta particles as they decay. One of the radioactive properties of strontium is half-life, or the time it takes for half of the isotope to give off its radiation. [Pg.2493]

Leukemia and cancers of the bone, nose, lung, and skin have been observed in laboratory animals exposed to radioactive strontium. [Pg.2494]

Leukemia has been seen in humans exposed to relatively large amounts of radioactive strontium. The... [Pg.2494]

International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that radioactive strontium is a human carcinogen. Sr has been explored as an anticancer treatment, for example, for prostate cancer, and has been used as palliative treatment for patients with bone pain from osseous metastases. Excellent clinical responses for bone pain treatment have been observed (acceptable hematologic toxicity and clinical results rival those of external beam radiation therapy). [Pg.2494]

Calcium phosphate is the component of human bone that provides rigidity. Fallout from a nuclear bomb can contain radioactive strontium-90. These two facts are closely tied together when one considers human health. Explain. [Pg.174]

Venkatesan, K.A., Sasidharan, N.S., and Wattal, P.K., Sorption of radioactive strontium on a shica-titania mixed hydrous oxide gel, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 220, 55, 1997. [Pg.1017]

Existing Information on Health Effects of Radioactive Strontium... [Pg.15]

Sr has limited use and is considered a waste product. Radioactive strontium can form a variety of compounds, which do not have any particular smell. There are two types of radioactive strontium compounds, those that dissolve in water and those that do not. For more information about the properties and use of radioactive strontium, see Chapters 4 and 5. [Pg.19]

Radioactive Strontium. 90Sr is not a naturally occurring substance its presence in the environment is a result of human activities, such as the prior testing of nuclear bombs in the air and leaks from radioactive storage and waste sites. Radioactive decay is the only way for decreasing the concentration of 90Sr. Eventually, all 90Sr will be converted to stable zirconium. [Pg.20]

Both stable strontium and radioactive strontium enter and leave the body in the same way. [Pg.22]

Radiation damage may also occur from exposure to the skin. Medically, radioactive strontium probes have been used intentionally to destroy unwanted tissue on the surface of the eye or skin. The eye tissues sometimes become inflamed or abnormally thin after a long time. Thinning of the lower layer of the skin (dermis) has also been reported in animal studies as a delayed effect. In addition, skin and bone cancer were reported in animals that were irradiated on the skin by exposure to a radioactive strontium probe. [Pg.25]

It is not known whether exposure to radioactive strontium would affect human reproduction. Harmful effects on animal reproduction occurred at high doses. [Pg.25]

To learn more about the health effects of exposure to stable or radioactive strontium, see Chapter 3. [Pg.26]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.294 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.619 , Pg.620 ]




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