Punching 694 Subject

With the advent of on-line searching in the 1970s, the Derwent file was one of the first to go on-line. It had subject retrieval capabiUty by the manual and punch code systems, tide terms, IPC, and broad subject groupings called Derwent classes, whose primary function had been to allocate patents to appropriate segments of the Derwent system. By 1981, abstracts were added to the database, after which abstracts for the entire back-file were added. 

At Otto s, Singapore slings are selling. The house punch, Pang s Punch, is popular. In a world being shaken and stirred, drinking is a little less concerned with its own sophistications. The subject is, for now, not academic. 

We test the impact resistance of polymer plaques using the configuration shown in Fig. 8.8. We subject circular injection molded plaques to the shock of a falling weight with a hemispherical impacter. This test is also known as the Dart Drop Test . Samples can fail in a brittle or a ductile manner. Brittle samples often shatter. Ductile samples can split or a small disk may be punched out of their center. This test provides results that are analogous to those obtained from un-notched impact beam testing. 

Instructions can be modified by the computer. It is frequently found that the same instruction (or group of instructions) can be used repetitively if changed in some simple way. Since instructions are available in storage and can be subjected to the same arithmetic operations as any other numerical data, the computer can modify its instructions as the calculation proceeds. This permits relatively short sequences of instructions to be equivalent to much longer sequences on punched-card calculators. 

Stevens and Brady (S6) have discussed the use of punched cards in recording process-control data. While the subject of record keeping itself is of little interest here, it is worth remembering that it may later be desired to process these data on a computer. The form of data arrangement should, therefore, be designed with this possibility in mind. 

Fibroblasts were selected because they are readily cultivated and radio-labeled and are available from skin explants of a variety of species. Autoradiograms of radiolabeled cellular proteins are more diverse and easily analyzable for molecular systematics than alternatives such as silver-stained serum or erythrocyte protein patterns. We have achieved nearly 100% success rates at minimal discomfort and risk to human subjects by establishing cultures from 3 mm punch biopsies from the upper buttock. Local lidocaine anesthesia is used. Samples are collected following informed consent and under an approved human research protocol. Other species are sampled by dart gun8 or while sedated. Skin samples can be collected from various body sites without compromising the 2D electrophoresis metric, which does not rely on quantitative differences in protein expression. To comply with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), tissues collected from wild and captive exotic animals must be obtained under specific permits issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 

I. Modification of the punch section configuration by routing of the grooves for guidance of the copper wires towards the outer periphery such as to accommodate round- section bars for groove wear such that the winding is subjected to no pressure loading (Fi-... 

High-Speed Rotary Tableting Machines High-speed rotary machines work with the same principles as all other rotary machines. They possess a huge number of punch and die sets and often two filling stations. Another possibility is to use punch and die sets which are able to produce several tablets simultaneously. Special tooling can be used for this purpose however this is not the subject of this chapter. As... 

For other historical information on the press instrumentation, the reader is encouraged to peruse Ridgeway Watt s volume. There have been a number of papers published on various disparate instrumentation topics, and in a recent volume by Munos-Ruiz and Vromans, there are two good articles on the subject—but, unfortunately, they deal with marginal issues of single station press and instrumented punch only. 

Coded classifications of chemical subjects are indexes on a number or number-and-letter or punch-position base, designed for detailed subject searching. Within their limits of scope and coverage they can be used for that purpose, unlike bookshelving classifications such as those of Melvil Dewey and the Library of Congress. 

Machine language is not necessarily a code which can be recognized as easily as a combination of numerals or other symbols. Thus, machine language is implied when a hand-sorted punched card is notched in a certain position to record a certain aspect of subject matter contained in a particular document or when a hole is punched in a certain position in a peek-a-boo type of system (50), or a document number as recorded in a certain position by pen, pencil, or stamp, as in the Uniterm system (45). 

Proliferation of a large number of mechanized systems in narrow subject fields. The searching media tend to be centered in accounting-type punched-card equipment, or standard digital computers which were obtained by the organizations chiefiy for business applications, and searching inefficiencies can be tolerated because of complete amortization of equipment cost on nonlibrary applications. 

David and Augsburger (63) studied the decay of compressional forces for a variety of excipients, compressed with flat-faced punches on a Stokes rotary press. They found that initial compressive force could be subject to a fairly rapid decay and that this rate was dependent on the deformation behavior of the excipient for the materials studied, they found that maximum loss in compression force was for compressible starch and MCC, which was followed by compressible sugar and DCP. This was attributed to differences in the extent of plastic flow. The decay curves were analyzed using the Maxwell model of viscoelastic behavior. Maxwell model implies first order decay of compression force. 

The role of terminology in establishing alphabetical indexes in defining the subjects or ideas used to group information when fixed classification schemes are used and in defining concepts which are indicated physically on punched cards is discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of alphabetical indexes, classification systems, and punched cards are enumerated. 

Whitehead (W6) described an IBM-870 system for the recording of laboratory data on punch cards based on an earlier description by Peacock et al. (PI). The primary purpose of this system was to improve the presentation of individual laboratory reports, but the cards were subsequently sorted and the data on them subjected to statistical analysis, some of which revealed hitherto unsuspected sources of error as a result of variation in the technical performance of individual members of staff. Whitehead was among the first to apply cusum techniques to clinical chemistry laboratory data for control purposes, but his off-line system was not able to provide quality control information of immediate value to the laboratory. 

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