Hand sorting

The acacia trees produce gum arable only under adverse conditions, lack of moisture, poor nutrition, and hot temperatures. Gum arable is produced at wounded surfaces of the acacia trees. The wounds are generally produced deUberately in cultivated trees by stripping bark during the dry season. The gum is collected by hand over a period of several weeks with average yields of 250 grams per tree per year. Cmde exudates are hand sorted and exported before processing and milling to various specifications. 

The initial step in the recycle of metals is the physical segregation of the metals from other materials. Eor new scrap this process is straightforward for old scrap it can be expensive. This classification and segregation of scrap is of importance to the producers of the metals from secondary materials. Historically, much of the classification has rehed on hand sorting which can be rehable, but it is labor intensive. The recycling of automotive scrap is illustrative of the... 

MgO, and sulfur and phosphorus content. In some operations high-grade ore is selectively mined, hand sorted and screened, and sold as lump and fines. More commonly the high-grade lump material is removed by hand, and the reminder is crushed and ground before beneficiation. LIBS may be used for chromite sorting and Mg, Al, Si contents evaluation (Fig. 8.12). 

It is possible that the future may also see the use of digital calculators in qualitative spectrometric analyses. Various types of punched cards have been used as a method of recording spectral data on pure compounds. The purpose of these files is to facilitate the identification of spectral data on unknown substances. Their use in infrared analysis has been covered by Mecke and Schmid (M6), Keuntzel (K3), and Baker, Wright, and Opler (B2). The last named authors describe a file of 3150 spectra which was expected eventually to be expanded to include up to 10,000 spectra. Zemany (Zl) discussed the use of edge-notched cards in cataloging mass spectra and Matthews (M4) describes a similar application in connection with X-ray diffraction powder data. These two applications made use of only hand-sorting methods the files of Baker et al. were intended to be processed by machine. 

Amino acids, such as alanine shown here, are the monomer building blocks of proteins (Chapter 13). Most amino acids have a handedness—that is, for each of these amino acids there is a possible mirror image. Interestingly, amino acids that occur in proteins are always of the left-handed sort. Why are right-handed amino acids never found in proteins ... 

Table 4 presents fractions of sunk, suspended, and floating material after a single separation. The residual grain represents grain that was hand sorted from either the suspended or floating material. The DM in the effluent was obtained by mass balance after other components had been dried and separated. 

After brushing and additional hand-sorting, truffles were placed in 1/8 cans (100 mL) and then industrially processed by heat treatment at 115 C for 90 min. The weights of analysed canned... 

For the preparation of the peanut skin tannin, the red skins were separated from residual nut and hull material by hand sorting, and then about 30 lb of skins were extracted with acetone-water (60 40 v/v) at a liquor-to-skins ratio of 5 to 1 at 50 °C for 4 hr in a stainless steel tank. The extract was filtered through a fiberglass mat, the acetone was removed under vacuum on a rotary evaporator, and the aqueous solution was freeze-dried. 

In recording references during a search it is wise to make a complete record of each reference as it is noted for the first time, so as to avoid, in so far as possible, the necessity for going back again for additional data. In an extensive search such as the one discussed here, a 3 X 5 card, a 4 X 6 inch card, or hand-sorted punched cards are preferred for each reference. Complete bibliographical data are recorded, together with an abstract. The abstract should be aimed specifically at the purpose of the search, and need not be a complete abstract of the original article. 

Machine language is not necessarily a code which can be recognized as easily as a combination of numerals or other symbols. Thus, machine language is implied when a hand-sorted punched card is notched in a certain position to record a certain aspect of subject matter contained in a particular document or when a hole is punched in a certain position in a peek-a-boo type of system (50), or a document number as recorded in a certain position by pen, pencil, or stamp, as in the Uniterm system (45). 

Similar to hand-sorted punched cards above... 

Alphabetical arrays (as used for indexing) and fixed compartments (as used for classification) are not, of course, the only means for employing terminology to enable desired items of information to be selected. During recent years hand-sorted punched cards... 

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