Proteins assembling

Plenary 4. George J Thomas Jr et at, e-mail address thomasgj ,cctr.mnkc.edu (RS). Protein folding and assembly into superstructures. (Slow) time resolved RS probing of virus construction via protein assembly into an icosahedral (capsid) shell. 

Fig. 5. Protein folding. The unfolded polypeptide chain coUapses and assembles to form simple stmctural motifs such as -sheets and a-hehces by nucleation-condensation mechanisms involving the formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waal s interactions. Small proteins (eg, chymotrypsin inhibitor 2) attain their final (tertiary) stmcture in this way. Larger proteins and multiple protein assembhes aggregate by recognition and docking of multiple domains (eg, -barrels, a-helix bundles), often displaying positive cooperativity. Many noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, van der Waal s and electrostatic interactions, and the hydrophobic effect are exploited to create the final, compact protein assembly. Further stmctural...

Antenna pigment proteins assemble into multimeric light-harvesting particles... 

Harrison, S.C. Structure of simple viruses specificity and flexibility in protein assemblies. Trends Biochem. Sci. 

Flynn, G.C., Chappell, T.G., Rothman, J.E. (1989). Peptide binding and release by proteins implicated as catalysts of protein assembly. Science 245, 385-390. 

EGF-domains External growth factor but general protein assembly control e.g. fibrillin... 

Both the overall rate of protein synthesis and the translation of certain specific mRNAs are controlled by agents such as hormones, growth factors, and other extracellular stimuli. As precursors for protein assembly, amino acids also regulate the translational machinery. Because protein synthesis consumes a high proportion of cellular metabolic energy, the energy status of the cell also modulates translation factors. 

Fig. 4.8 Preparation of a porous protein assembly using mesoporous silica as a hard template.

DTBP also has been used to investigate the dimerization and actin bundling properties of vil-lin (George et al., 2007), the interaction of the Mrell complex with RPA (Olson et al., 2007), the study of gamma-secretase complex assembly (Spasic et al., 2007), and the multi-protein assembly of Kv4.2, KChIP3 and DPP10 (Jerng et al., 2005). 

Nilsson, B.L., Soellner, M.B., and Raines, R.T. (2003b) Protein Assembly Using the Staudinger Ligation. Peptide Revolution Genomics, Proteomics Therapeutics (M. Chorev, and T.K. Sawyer, eds.). American Peptide Society. 

Q.W. Li, G.A. Luo, and J. Feng, Direct electron transfer for heme proteins assembled on nanocrystalline TiOj film. Electroancdysis 13, 359—363 (2001). 

Rotavirus enterotoxin protein NSP4 fused to CTB Potato Fusion proteins assembled into cholera holo-toxin-like structures that retained enterocyte-binding affinity Orally immunized mice generated levels of serum and mucosal antibodies specific for the native antigen. Induced TH1 immune response. 63,64... 

In these molecular communications an information molecule is selectively recognized and transduced by the corresponding receptor which is a characteristic protein assembly found on the cellular membrane surface as schematically illustrated in Fig.3. Major categories based on its constitutions are... 

Protein Assembling Technology for Integrated Molecular Systems... 

There have been several methods for assembling protein molecules on the surfaces of various matrices. These include (1) covalent, (2) Langmuir-Blodgett, and (3) self-assembling methods. The protein assembling by these methods are mostly accompanied by appreciable loss of biological activity. 

Several protein assemblies have successfully been fabricated on the solid surfaces sifter the bioinformation transduction. These include the following molecular systems molecularly interfaced redox enzymes on the electrode surfaces, calmodulin / protein hybrides, and ordered antibody array on protein A. These protein assemblies find a wider application in various fields such as biosensors, bioreactors, and intelligent materials. 

Van Heijne G. Membrane Protein Assembly, R. G. Landes, Austin, TX, 1997. 

Mueller-Reichert T, Gross H. Microscopic analysis of DNA and DNA protein assembly by transmission electronmicroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning force microscopy. Scanning Microscopy 1996 (Suppl) 10 111-121. 

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