Propanolol

J. Hermansson, A. Grahn and I. Hermansson, Direct injection of large volumes of plasma/semm of a new biocompatible exti action column for the determination of atenolol, propanolol and ibuprofen . Mechanisms for the improvement of clrromato-grapliic performance , J. Chromatogr. A 797 251-263 (1998). 

The enandoselecdve nltro-aldol reacdon catalyzed by C/fi-LLB is effecdvely applied to the synthesis of three kmds of opdcally acdve fi-receptor blocking dnigs fS -metoprolol, " fS -propanolol, " and fS -pindolol " " fScheme 3.17i. 

Recently Lin and coworkers have developed a selective synthesis of N-acyl and 0-acyl propanolol vinyl derivatives by enzyme-catalyzed acylation of propanolol using divinyl dicarboxylates with different carbon chain lengths (Scheme 7.10) [24]. Lipase AY30 in diisopropyl ether demonstrated high chemoselectivity toward the amino... 

Propanolol ( 1) is a very important heart drug (beta blooker). Suggest a synthesis. 

Sharpless used asymmetric epoxidation as the crucial method in the preparation of the p-Adrenergic blocker, (S)- propanolol (Eqn. (26)). 

The enantioselective nitro-aldol reaction catalyzed by (R)-LLB is effectively applied to the synthesis of three kinds of optically active (3-receptor blocking drugs (5)-metoprolol,123a (S)-propanolol,123b and ( -pindolol1230 (Scheme 3.17). 

For some products, e.g., propanolol extended release formulations (USP 27), a modification of the standard method for enteric-coated dosage forms have been introduced to reflect the change from conditions in the stomach to those in the small intestine. This is a step in the right direction, but to achieve dissolution testing that can differentiate between formulations which are robust and those which are not, and especially to be able to predict food effects on the release from... 

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Figure 11. Changes in mean arterial pressure ( S.E.) in conscious rabbits after 500 fig of 1-propanolol ICV and i.o. (35)... 

To emphasize the utility of this reagent, it was also used to construct the core of ( )-propanolol, a yS-adrenergic receptor agonist, in a six step synthesis which used three different immobilized reagents in individual steps (Scheme... 

Scheme 2.25 Synthesis of the / -adrenergic receptor agonist ( )-propanolol.

Substantia nigra, globus pallidus, dorsal subiculum, superior colliculi Non-selective pinodol, propanolol selective partial agonists CP-93, 129 Possible clinical use of antagonists antidepressants 5-HTj25 receptors... 

Major oxidation products of propanolol and metoprolol formed during ozonation in aqueous solution were investigated by Benner et al. [102, 103]. In the case of propanolol, the main ozonation product is a ring-opened compound with two aldehyde moieties, which results from ozone attack to the naphthalene ring [103]. Formation of aldehyde moieties was also one of the main oxidation routes during metoprolol ozonation, together with hydroxylation [102]. 

Benner J, Temes TA (2009) Ozonation of propanolol formation of oxidation products. Environ Sci Technol 43(13) 5086—5093... 

Beta-blockers are medications that reduce the workload of the heart and lower blood pressure. They are commonly prescribed to relieve angina (a type of chest pain, pressure, or discomfort) or treat heart failure. They also are prescribed for people who have high blood pressure (hypertension). Several beta-blockers (metoprolol, propanolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, and nadolol) have been detected in municipal sewage effluents up to the pg/L level (Temes 1998) and in groundwater samples (Sacher et al. 2001). 

Figure 3.10 exemplifies the application of packed-column SFC for the rapid determination of the enantiomeric purity of pharmaceutical materials. The method employed a CHIRALCEL OD CSP with a carbon dioxide/methanol/ isopropylamine mobile phase under isocratic conditions. A flow rate of 4 mFmin was used to generate a high linear velocity whilst maintaining an outlet pressure of 200 bar by use of a back-pressure regulator to ensure reproducible chromatography. Baseline resolution of the enantiomers of propanolol was achieved in approximately 3 min with an overall cycle time of 4 min. Detection was by UV... 

In addition to the agents on the following pages, propanolol and timolol are indicated for migraine prophylaxis. 

In Fig. 5 a comparison of two electropherograms is given that were obtained with CE buffers containing a binary and a ternary mixed micellar phase. In presence of ternary mixed micelles in the background buffer, propanolol and quinine migrate with the same velocity, which indicates that... 

G Dongowski, RHH Neubert, M Platzer, MA Schwarz, B Schnorrenberger, H Anger. Interaction between food components and drugs. Part 6 Influence of starch degradation products on propanolol transport. Pharmazie 53 871-875, 1998. 

Cardiovascular Acetyldigosin, ajmaline, amiodarone, aprindine, bepridil, bezaflbrate, captopril, dinepazide, clopidogrel, coumarins, diazoxide, digoxin, dipyridamole, disopyramide, doxazosin, enalapril, flurbiprofen, fur-oxemide, hydralazine, lisinopril methyldopa, metolazone, nifedipine, phenindione, procainamide, propanolol, propafenone, quinidine, ramapril, spironolactone, thiazide diuretics, ticlopidine, vesnarinone... 

XVb.3.2. Prophylaxis. There is little evidence to justify prophylactic endoscopic or surgical intervention in patients with varices which have not yet bled. Available trials have often been small and assumptions based upon aggregation may not be well justified. Non-selective beta-blockade with propanolol appears however to halve the risk of bleeding. 

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