Prognostic markers, evaluation

Unlike differentiation antigens, prognostic markers are usually evaluated semiquantitatively, both in terms of the proportion of tumor cells showing positivity and the strength of the reaction. 

B. Robinson, N.F. Quenville, B. Liseman, and J. LeRiche. 1992. Prognostic markers of colorectal cancer An evaluation of DNA... 

Cho BY, Shong MH, Yi KH, Lee HK, Koh CS, Min HK, Evaluation of serum basal thyrotropin levels and thyrotropin receptor antibody levels and thyrotropin receptor antibody activities as prognostic markers for discontinuation of antithyroid drug treatment in patients with Graves disease. Clin Endocrinol 1992 36 585-90. 

As previously discussed, ejection fraction remains the most important prognostic marker, and echocardiography is perhaps the most widely used tool for its assessment. In addition to this finding, however, echocardiography can also assess the functional importance of coronary lesions by evaluating for inducible regional wall motion abnormalities or even global left ventricular dysfunction. 

Pezzella F, Jones M, Ralfkiaer E, et al. Evaluation of bcl-2 protein expression and 14 18 translocation as prognostic markers in follicular lymphoma. Br J Cancer. 1992 65(l) 87-89. 

Dias P, Kumar P, Marsden HB, et al. Evaluation of desmin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of childhood rhabdomyosarcomas and embryonal sarcomas. Br J Cancer. 1987 56 361-365. 

RT-PCR for tyrosine-mRNA-positive cells in peripheral blood evaluation strategy and correlation with know prognostic markers in 123 melanoma patients. / Invest Dermatol, 110, 263-267. 

Gerdes, J. (1990) Ki-67 and other proliferation markers useful for immunohisto-logical diagnostic and prognostic evaluations in human malignancies. Semin. Cancer Biol. 1, 199-206. 

As renal fnnction declines, the reciprocal of the semm creatinine concentration decreases as a linear fnnction of the CLcr, and the slope of the relationship is the reciprocal of the elimination rate of creatinine (Fig. 41-3A). Clinicians can use the reciprocal serum creatinine plotted as a function of time as a prognostic tool to predict when dialysis may he needed (when 1/Scr 0.1), or as a marker for evaluating the success of therapeutic interventions to alter the rate of decline in renal function (Fig. 41-3B). Several factors, such as changes in... 

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