Thyrotropin-receptor antibodies

Ando T, Latif R, Davies TF. Thyrotropin receptor antibodies new insights into their actions and clinical relevance. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 19 33-52. 

As stated, Graves ophthalmopathy worsens in many patients despite antithyroid therapy, especially in therapies that cause rapid alteration in thyroid tissue and function. More recent studies suggested that, as compared with other forms of antithyroid therapy, 1 is more likely to be followed by the development or exacerbation of Graves ophthalmopathy. This may reflect only the increase in thyrotropin-receptor antibody and other thyroid antibodies in serum after destruction of the thyroid gland by RAI. Consideration should be given to initiating oral steroid therapy before 1 therapy. 

Cho BY, Shong MH, Yi KH, Lee HK, Koh CS, Min HK, Evaluation of serum basal thyrotropin levels and thyrotropin receptor antibody levels and thyrotropin receptor antibody activities as prognostic markers for discontinuation of antithyroid drug treatment in patients with Graves disease. Clin Endocrinol 1992 36 585-90. 

Feldt-Rasmussen U, Schleusener H> Carayon P. Metaanalysis evaluation of the impact of thyrotropin receptor antibodies on long term remission after medical therapy of Graves disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994 78 98-102. 

Morris JC 3rd, Hay ID, Nelson RE, Jiang NS. Clinical utility of thyrotropin-receptor antibody assays Comparison of radioreceptor and bioassay methods. Mayo Clin Proc 1988 63 707-17. 

Amino N, Izumi Y, Hidaka Y, Takeoka K, Nakata Y, Tatsumi Kl, Nagata A, Takano T (2003) No increases of blocking type anti-thyrotropin receptor antibodies during pregnancy in patients with Graves disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88 5871-5874. 

In Graves disease, hyperthyroidism results from the action of thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb) directed against the thyrotropin receptor on the surface of the thyroid cell. These immunoglobulin G antibodies bind to the receptor and activate the enzyme adenylate cyclase in the same manner as TSH. 

Nine of 27 patients with multiple sclerosis developed antibodies against the thyrotropin receptor and carbima-zole-responsive autoimmune hyperthyroidism after a 5-day pulse of alemtuzumab, a finding that was not reported in patients treated for other disorders (18). 

It was presumed that the iodine load (about 30 g) had precipitated thyrotoxicosis in this patient, who had antibodies to the thyrotropin receptor, which in turn precipitated collapse due to adrenal insufficiency. 

Brown R, Kertiles L, Kleinmann R. Choice of immunoglobin G purification method in assays for antibodies to the thyrotropin receptor. Clin Chem 1986 32 2034-9. 

Massart C, Hody B, Mouchel L, Edan G, Nicol M. Assays for thyrotropin-receptor binding and thyroid-stimulating antibodies in sera from patients with Graves disease. CUn Chem 1986 32 1332-5,... 

Thyrotoxicosis is most commonly caused by Graves disease, which is an autoimmune disorder in which thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) directed against the thyrotropin receptor elicits the same biologic response as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 

TSH. Autoantibodies that react with orbital muscle and fibroblast tissue in the skin are responsible for the extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves disease, and these autoantibodies are encoded by the same germfine genes that encode for other autoantibodies for striated muscle and thyroid peroxidase. The defect leading to abnormal antibody production may be a genomic point mutation in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin receptor. CfinicaUy, the extrathyroidal disorders may not appear at the same time that hyperthyroidism develops. 

TR 82, TR/31, TRal thyroid hormone receptors TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone TSAb thyroid-stimulating antibody TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone... 

D) antibodies attack the acetylcholine receptors in postS5maptic membranes. In Graves disease aberrant antibodies are directed against receptors for thyrotropin. They have a stimulatory rather than an inhibitory effect and cause hyperthyroidism. Childhood onset (lype I) diabetes results from destruction of insulin-secreting cells by an autoimmune reaction triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible persons (Box The... 

TgAb Antithyroglobulin antibody TPOAb Antiperoxidase antibody TSBAb TSH receptor inhibiting antibodies TSH Thyrotropin... 

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