Prognostic

The second task discussed is the validation of the regression models with the aid of the cross-validation (CV) procedures. The leave-one-out (LOO) as well as the leave-many-out CV methods are used to evaluate the prognostic possibilities of QSAR. In the case of noisy and/or heterogeneous data the LM method is shown to exceed sufficiently the LS one with respect to the suitability of the regression models built. The especially noticeable distinctions between the LS and LM methods are demonstrated with the use of the LOO CV criterion. 

The thermodynamic point of view developed in this review and in our original works with regard to the behavior of SAH in laboratory experiments and in soil models can pave, in our opinion, the most rational way for achieving the optimal results. Based on the existing theory of network polymers, this concept is undoubtedly open to further improvement that would expand its prognostic potentialities. 

A measurable DNA/RNA or protein characteristic that is an indicator of normal biological process, pathogenic process and/or response to therapeutic or other inventions, used as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. 

Discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic indicators and biomarkers of therapeutic response, and prediction of patients most likely to benefit from the diug and use in general pharmacogenomic studies (Fig. 2)... 

Although in vitro models clearly show that MDR transporters can protect tumor cells, their relevance in clinical oncology remains controver sial. As is the case for most potentially useful cancer biomarkers, no universally embraced guidelines for analytical or clinical validation of MDR transporters exist. Evidence linking ABCB1 Pgp/MDRl expression with poor clinical outcome is most conclusive for breast cancer, sarcoma, and certain types of leukemia. The relevance of the other MDR transporters in clinical MDR is still unclear. The prognostic implication of ABCCl/ MRPl remains controversial and very little is known clinically about ABCG2. 

Tetu, B., Lacasse, B., Bouchard, H.L., Lagace, R., Hout, J., Landry, J. (1992). Prognostic influence of hsp27 expression in malignant fibrous histiocytoma A clinicopathological and immunohisto-chemical study. Cancer Res. 52,2325-2328. 

There has been a tremendous development of various types of prognostic models of the carbon cycle during the past decades with increased refinement of both oceanic processes (see Siegenthaler and Sarmiento, 1993 Sarmiento et ah, 1992, 1998), terrestrial processes (Bonan,... 

How do we take a future-oriented approach to research on energy and metals What criteria do we use to set research priorities Short-term projections of prices and availability of resources are poor guides to a national policy for research. It is virtually impossible to predict the course that energy prices will take over the next few years or to prognosticate political events that might affect the snpply of key minerals to the United States. The most anyone can say is that oil prices will rise and that a real threat exists to the stability of onr snpply of several key minerals. 

Ziedonis DM, Kosten TR Depression as a prognostic factor for pharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence. Psychopharmacol Bull 27 337-343, 1991... 

HA ART, since the time to suppression of viremia has been identified as an important prognostic indicator (Louie et al. 2003 Polis et al. 2001). 

Sebastian P, Ramoni ME, Nolan V, Baldwin CT, Steinberg MH. Genetic dissection and prognostic modeling of overt stroke in sickle cell anemia. Nat Genet 2005 37 435-40. 

The Prognostic Significance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 Expression in Brain Tiimors... 

Zorzon M, Mase G, Pozzi-MuceUi F, Biasutti E, Antonutti L, Iona L, Cazzato G. Increased density in the middle cerebral artery by nonenhanced computed tomography. Prognostic value in acute cerebral infarction. Eur Neurol 1993 33 256-259. 

Dzialowski I, Hill MD, Coutts SB, Demchuk AM, Kent DM, Wunderlich O, von Kummer R. Extent of early ischemic changes on computed tomography (CT) before thrombolysis prognostic value of the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score in ECASS II. Stroke 2006 37 973-978. 

Smith WS, Tsao JW, Billings ME, Johnston SC, Hemphill JC, 3rd, Bonovich DC, Dillon WP. Prognostic significance of angiographically confirmed large vessel intracranial occlusion in patients presenting with acute hrain ischemia. Neurocrit Care 2006 4 14-17. 

Wintermark M, Reichhart M, Thiran JP, Maeder P, Chalaron M, Schnyder P, Bogous-slavsky J, MeuU R. Prognostic accuracy of cerebral blood flow measurement by perfusion computed tomography, at the time of emergency room admission, in acute stroke patients. Ann Neurol 2002 51 417-432. 

Gray CS, Taylor R, French JM, Alberti KG, Venables GS, James OF, Shaw DA, Cartlidge NE, Bates D. The prognostic value of stress hyperglycaemia and previously unrecognized diabetes in acute stroke. Diabet Med 1987 4 237-240. 

Many clinicians are concerned about the use of DC for dominant hemisphere strokes, but Kastrau et al. found in a retrospective review of 14 dominant hemisphere stroke patients with aphasia that significant improvement (13/14 patients) was achieved in these preselected younger patients who underwent early poststroke DC. In contrast, a retrospective study by Foerch et al. found that older patients fared quite poorly in terms of functional outcome and quality of life, especially in those with severe neurological deficit at admission. These results were replicated by Curry et al., who also found that younger patients also were more likely to require reoperations for continued herniation. Uhl et al. ° found no prognostic value to the side of infarction in their analysis of 188 patients who underwent DC for massive hemispheric infarction. 

Schwartz S, Hafner K, Aschoff A, Schwab S. Incidence and prognostic significance of fever following intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 2000 54(2) 350-354. 

Uhl E, Kreth EW, Elias B, Goldammer A, Hempelmann RG, Liefner M, Nowak G, Oertel M, Schmieder K, Schneider GH. Outcome and prognostic factors of hemicraniectomy for space occup3nng cerebral infarction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004 75(2) 270-274. 

Reppas, C., Shah, V. P. Dissolution testing as a prognostic tool for oral drug absorption immediate release dosage forms. Pharm. Res. 1998, 15, 11-22. 

---