Melanoma patients

The active immunotherapeutic approach is specific and based on the premise that tumor antigens are immunogenic and the host is sufficientiy immunocompetent to mount an effective immune response to an autologous tumor. Theoretically, a weak or suppressed host immune system that had allowed the formation of a tumor may be overridden by active immunization or immunostimulation. In practice, vaccines composed of so-called autologous tumor extracts have been used to treat patients with malignant melanoma (73), and purified melanoma tumor-associated antigens have been used to ehcit antibody responses in melanoma patients (74). 

Ei addition, clinical observations in EFN-a-treated hqiatitis C or melanoma patients have suggested a promoting effect of type I EFN in autoreactive skin disorders such as Lichen planus. This inflammatory skin disease was, however, not restricted to EFN-a treated patients but was found to be associated with expression by so far unknown mechanisms of the EFN-induced MxA... 

Abrahamsen HN, Steiniche T, Nexo E, et al. Towards quantitative mRNA analysis in paraffin-embedded tissues using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. A methodological study on lymph nodes from melanoma patients. J. Mol. Diagn. 2003 5 34-41. 

Based on these findings and toxicology studies [233], human clinical phase I studies have been initiated [234]. In tumor biopsies from melanoma patients obtained after treatment, a reduction was found in both the specific mRNA (M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, RRM2) and in the protein (RRM2) levels when compared to pre-dosed tissue. The presence of an mRNA fragment that... 

Large series of patients with uveal melanoma were treated with protons in several centers worldwide. The Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory (MGH/HCL) in Boston played a pioneering role, and 2568 uveal melanoma patients were treated through September 1998 [38]. 

Nestle, F.O., S. Alijagic, M. Gilliet, Y. Sun, S. Grabbe, R. Dummer, G. Burg, and D. Schadendorf, Vaccination of melanoma patients with peptide- or tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells. Nat Med, 1998. 4(3) 328-32. 

Xu T, Shu CT, Purdom E et al. Microarray analysis reveals differences in gene expression of circulating CD8(+) T cells in melanoma patients and healthy donors. Cancer Res 2004 64 3661-3667. Brandt SP. Microgenomics gene expression analysis at the tissue-specific and single-cell levels. JExp Rot 2005 56 495-505. 

The first trials of therapeutic vaccination against cancer using lipid A as adjuvant were performed on melanoma patients with 0.25 ml Detox. The composition of commercial vaccines used as therapeutic vaccines in humans is given in Table 2. Some trials used a pretreatment with 300... 

Smith, J.W., 2nd, Walker, E.B., Fox, B.A., et al. (2003) Adjuvant immunization of HLA-A2-positive melanoma patients with a modified gplOO peptide induces peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(8), 1562-1573. 

Lambert, B., U. Ringborg, and A. Lindblad. Prolonged increase of sister-chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of melanoma patients after CCNU treatment. Mutat. 

Cai X, Garen A, Anti-melanoma antibodies from melanoma patients immunized with genetically modified autologous tumor cells, selection of specific antibodies from single-chain Fv fusion phage libraries, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92 6537-6541, 19. 

Sersa, G. et al.. Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin Clinical experience with malignant melanoma patients, Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 863,... 

Scheibenbogen C, Hunstein W, Keilholz U. Vitiligo-like lesions following immunotherapy with IFN alpha and IL-2 in melanoma patients. Eur J Cancer 1994 30A(8) 1209-11. 

Gutman H, Schachter J, Stopel E, Gutman R, Lahav J. Impaired platelet aggregation in melanoma patients treated with interferon-alpha-2b adjuvant therapy. Cancer 2002 94(3) 780-5. 

Heinzerling L, Dummer R, Wildberger H, Burg G. Cutaneous ulceration after injection of polyethylene-gly-col-modified interferon alpha associated with visual disturbances in a melanoma patient. Dermatology 2000 201(2) 154-7. 

Bedikian AY et al (2006) Pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of vincristine sulfate liposomes injection in metastatic melanoma patients. J CKn Pharmacol 46 727-737... 

Malignant melanocytes present defective melanosomes and tend to exhibit up-regulated melanogenesis. Melanogenuria (in the form of dark urine) is observed in some patients with widespread disease. End-product pigments, enzymes and melanin precursors or intermediates of the melanogenesis have therefore been measured in urine and blood from melanoma patients for more than 30 years. 

Table 4.3 i -DOPA/i.-tyrosine ratio in plasma/semm of melanoma patients... 

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