Production cost factor, management

Let s consider some of the important cost factors of a JHA. These methods can help to improve job procedures and can help to reduce costs that result from absenteeism and workers compensation claims, as well as hidden costs that are usually overlooked. These hidden costs include management time for investigation lost time for other workers who experience some level of trauma hiring and training temporary workers bad publicity, poor product quality, employee morale OSHA citation/fines, court costs, and so on. Reduction of these costs can lead to increased productivity and improved cost to the bottom line. 

In margarine production, raw materials account for about 50% of the margarine cost, actual production costs account for 20%, and other costs are 30% of the total (35). Well-managed formulation and efficient, accurate metering/weighing systems for the various raw materials in the emulsion preparation plant are essential factors for cost-efficient margarine production (35, 76-78). 

In this study, an industrial RFID application for effective management of TTSC at three levels of deployment, as shown in Fig. 33.3, is presented as a case study. The problem was initiated at the manufacturing facility level. The major concern was to ensure that the required TTSC are available at all times to the operators to maximize the service level. First, the lack of TTSC results in loss of production and, in turn, loss of profits. Second, the chemicals that are not used in production within their lives expire and become another cost factor. Third, disposal of time-sensitive materials, once they reach their shelf life, to prevent their usage on a product is also major concern. In order to ensure the first objective (i.e., maximize service level), the manufacturer prefers to order higher quantities of variety of chemicals. 

NORM can be transported to the surface in produced water and can be found in production wastes, equipment, and solids at production facilities. At offshore locations, dissolved NORM are discharged along with produced water. Because of concern over human exposure to environmental radiation, oil-field NORM have received regulatory attention and managing waste has become a significant cost factor for the industry. 

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