Process intensification Applications

C. (1997) Synthesis of nano-particles of CaC03 in a novel reactor, in Process Intensification in Practice Applications and Opportunities (ed. J. Semel), Mechanical... 

As examples of micro-channel process intensification and the respective equipment, in particular gas/liquid micro reactors and their application to toluene and various other fluorinations and also to carbon dioxide absorption can be mentioned [5]. Generally, reactions may be amenable to process intensification, when performed via high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-concentration routes and also when using aggressive reactants [5]. 

Dr Alexei Lapkin is a Senior Lecturer in Chemical Engineering at the University of Bath, UK, where he is also a Deputy Director of the Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies. He obtained his Master in Chemistry from the Novosibirsk State University, Russia, and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Bath. His research is focused on process intensification, bioprocessing, design and applications of functional materials. 

In summary, the Avada process is an excellent example of process intensification to achieve higher energy efficiency and reduction of waste streams due to the use of a solid acid catalyst. The successful application of supported HP As for the production of ethyl acetate paves the way for future applications of supported HP As in new green processes for the production of other chemicals, fuels and lubricants. Our results also show that application of characterization techniques enables a better understanding of the effects of process parameters on reactivity and the eventual rational design of more active catalysts. 

Gogate PR (2008) Cavitational reactors for process Intensification of chemical processing applications A critical review. Chem Eng Proc 47 515-527... 

Microreactor and microprocess technology has, in some fine-chemical cases, approached commercial applications and become competitive with existing technology. Two main developments are awaited. Firstly, optimizing the process protocol conditions such that the chemistry is set to the limit of the reactor s capabilities in terms of mass and heat transfer. This so-called novel chemistry approach achieves the highest process intensification and can improve the costing of microprocess... 

New reactor technologies are currently under development, and these include meso- and micro-structured reactors or the use of membranes. Among meso-structured reactors, monolithic catalysts play a pre-eminent role in environmental applications, initially in the cleaning of automotive exhaust gases. Beside this gas-solid application, other meso-structures such as membranes [57, 58], corrugated plate or other arranged catalysts and, of course, monoliths can be used as multiphase reactors [59, 60]. These reactors also offer a real potential for process intensification, which has already been demonstrated in commercial applications such as the production of hydrogen peroxide. 

In recent years, micro-structured reactors have attracted considerable attention for a variety of applications [61, 62]. Such micro devices are characterized by a laminar flow, and the very high surface-to-volume ratio they provide leads to increased mass and heat transfer, offering the potential for process intensification. 

Bisschops, M. A. T., van der Wielen, L. A. M. and Luyben, K. Ch. A. M. in Semel, J. (ed) Process Intensification in Practice, Applications and Opportunities (BHR Group, London, 1999) 229. Centrifugal adsorption technology for the removal of volatile organic compounds from water. 

Process intensification (PI) is currently one of the most significant trends in chemical engineering and process technology. It is attracting more and more of the attention of the research world. Four international conferences, several smaller symposia/workshops every year, and a number of dedicated issues of professional journals are clear proof of it. A number of commercial-scale applications of the PI principles have already taken place. But how did it all begin ... 

Trent D, Tirtowidjojo D. Commercial operation of a rotating packed bed (RPB) and other applications of RPB technology. In Gough M, ed. 4th International Conference on Process Intensification in Practice. London BHR Group, 2001 11-19. 

Green A, Johnson B, Westall S, Bunegar M, Symonds K. Combined chemical reactor/ heat exchangers validation and application in industrial processes. 4th International Conference in Process Intensification, Brugge, Belgium, September 2001. 

The use of electromagnetic techniques represents the final method for process intensification of heat transfer that will be dealt with here. Developments in the fuel cell sector hold out the promise of cheap electric power based on surplus hydrogen in chemical plants. The liberalization of the energy sector has also cut electricity prices and enhanced the attractiveness of using electricity in connection with chemical reactors. The precise regulation possible with electrical processes and their clean, environmentally friendly nature are further inducements for their application. 

Process Intensification in Industrial Practice Methodology and Application... 

A single-number overall index characterizing the inherent safety of the overall process is generated by both proposed inherent safety indices. Process intensification will lower the value of the index (indicating an inherently safer process) because it will reduce the penalty for inventory. If the alternative process results in an increase in the inherent hazard due to other factors, the index will be useful in understanding the inherent safety characteristics of the different alternatives. The relative contributions of the various components of the index to the total value may also be useful in understanding process safety characteristics. Table 3 summarizes the application of this proposed inherent safety index to a number of alternative routes for the manufacture of methyl methacrylate. 

A wide variety of polymeric membranes with different barrier properties is already available, many of them in various formats and with various dedicated specifications. The ongoing development in the field is very dynamic and focused on further increasing barrier selectivities (if possible at maximum transmembrane fluxes) and/ or improving membrane stability in order to broaden the applicability. This tailoring of membrane performance is done via various routes controlled macro-molecular synthesis (with a focus on functional polymeric architectures), development of advanced polymer blends or mixed-matrix materials, preparation of novel composite membranes and selective surface modification are the most important trends. Advanced functional polymer membranes such as stimuli-responsive [54] or molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membranes [55] are examples of the development of another dimension in that field. On that basis, it is expected that polymeric membranes will play a major role in process intensification in many different fields. 

Because of its intrinsic properties that well fit the requirements of process-intensification strategy (efficiency, modularity, reduced energy consumption, etc.), membrane-separation processes have well-established applications in various industrial fields and more progresses can be anticipated for the near future [3],... 

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