Probe connection

Tests Simulating Use Conditions. Several simulation tests involving wear and use testing have been developed. The first and only one to be adopted as a standard in the United States is AATCC Test Method 134-1975 for measuring the electrostatic propensity of carpets (60). In this test a person wearing standard neoprene and leather sole shoes and carrying a probe connected to an electrometer walks on a carpet for 30 to 60 s until the measured body voltage builds up to a maximum. 

Of the instmments described only some are suitable for use outside the laboratory. Where any instrument is carried into a flammable environment it should either be certified as intrinsically safe for exposure to the flammable atmosphere or isolated from the atmosphere such as by keeping it within a purged enclosure. Any probe connected to the instmment must be separately considered as a possible ignition source. Electrometers are described in [ 1531. A more general review of electrostatic instruments is given in [ 136]. 

Numerous new developments and applications of solid state NMR techniques have emerged. Multidimensional NMR methods are able to probe connectivity patterns of zeolite framework structures and solve ambiguities in line assignments [27], high-resolution techniques for quadrupolar nuclei have been developed [31-34], and powerful double-resonance methods permit the study of spatial... 

The temperature range of 40°-460° K has been achieved with two probes of different constructions. The probe with a temperature range of 100°-460° K used nitrogen gas as the coolant. The low temperature probe, connected through a liquid helium transfer line to a liquid helium Dewar flask, used helium as coolant. 

Mannio and Cosio (78) described a sensitive, specific, and rapid chromatographic procedure to determine BA and SA in different food products. Benzoic acid and SA were extracted from foods by a microdialysis probe connected online to an HPLC column that allows separation of BA and SA. Detection was done at 228 and 260 nm for BA and SA, respectively. The procedure was linear from 1 to 80 ppm, with a detection limit of 1 ppm for SA and 2 ppm for BA. The assay was successfully applied to soft drinks, fruit juices, and dairy products (cheese, yogurt, and cream). 

The impedance hygrometer measures the water content of a sample by means of a probe whose electrical impedance is a function of the vapor pressure of moisture in the fluid. The probe consists of an aluminum strip that is anodized to form a porous layer of aluminum oxide. A thin coat of gold is applied over the aluminum oxide. Water vapor penetrates the gold layer and equilibrates on the aluminum oxide. Leads from the gold and aluminum electrodes of the probes connect the sensing element to the measuring circuitry. The moisture content of solids can also be measured indirectly by detecting the moisture in the atmosphere above or near the process solids because the atmosphere near the solids is in equilibrium with the moisture content of the process materials. 

A. P. Bahnemann, D. W. Hoffmann, M. R.. T. Phvs. Chem. accepted for publication 12/12/86). These particles have a mean diameter of 30 nm with 30% of the surface area covered with Co(II)TSP. Desert sand obtained from Death Valley has been treated with several acid washing cycles and selected by size and weight (Kormann, C. Bahnemann, D. W. Hoffmann, M. R. unpublished data). The H202 concentration was measured continuously with a YSI-Clark 2510 Oxidase Probe connected to a YSI model 25 oxidase meter. The surface of the electrode was covered with a dialysis membrane (molecular weight cutoff 12,000 - 14,000) to prevent any... 

Fig. 4.7.4. Schematic diagram of Pyroprobe interface with coil probe connected to an GC injector ( on-line approach)...

Fig. 7.4 Block diagram of a method of measuring surface charge density with a guarded probe connected to a negative-feedback electrometer.

A large cork provided with four holes was fitted Into the top opening of the reactor. The holes In the cork were used for the agitator shaft that could be rotated up to 1600 rpm, thermistor probe connected to a temperature-control device, and feed lines for the acid and chilled hydrocarbon liquids. The drain line at the bottom of the reactor was provided with a stopcock. 

Polymer-polymer coacervates, in microcapsule form, can be characterized by a number of methods, though the most accurate involves a compression-based micromanipulated probe connected to a sensitive transducer.f The precision of such techniques can be as high as 10%. Generally, a 1 1 stoichiometry provides the most stable microcapsules. Other properties, including the sphericity, transparency, or membrane homogeneity are also often characterized. Novel methods based on analytical ultracentrifugation are particularly useful for 2D membranes. ... 

Glucose and lactate were simultaneously monitored by Wei Min et al. [191] during the fermentation of Lactococcus lactis. They made use of a microdialysis probe connected to a dual flow-through cell in which two amperometric biosensors were located. The biosensors were based on the co-immobilization of the respective oxidase enzymes together with HRP in a carbon paste matrix. Both analytes were monitored on-hne for about 14 h in a very complex aqueous two-phase fermentation process, and the results were in good agreement with independent ofiF-line HPLC measurements. 

A thermistor probe connected to a circuit to measure the temperature of the sample. (The thermistor is a glass bead attached to a metal stem whose resistance varies rapidly and predictably with temperature.)... 

In a system of this nature there can be many different problems. First, check for the obvious. Are the multimeter probes connected Is the multimeter working properly ... 

FIGURE 3-23 Voltage divider circuit in high voltage probe connected to voltmeter. 

A contacting high voltage probe connected to a multimeter or similar laboratory instrument is fundamentally different from that of a an electrostatic... 

For the detailed characterization of flame properties, a motorized arm is located on the right-hand side of the furnace as shown in Figure 27.12. This arm allows a sampling probe (connected to a second set of gas analyzers)... 

The cell was equipped with a pressure gauge mounted in the stainless steel line after the air cylinder, a stainless steel reservoir with a volume of 2 L, a pressure release valve, a fluid inlet and oudet connection, a pressure safetj- valve, and a refill opening on top of the reservoir. On top of the stirred cell, a fluid inlet connection, a pressure release valve and a temperature probe fitting were mounted. The temperature was measured with a PT 100 probe, connected to a Kane-May KM 330 indicator. 

In one method, a sample is placed in a small well in an electrically grounded plate. A probe, connected to a high voltage power source (usually a charged capacitor), is brought toward the sample until a spark occurs, discharging through the sample. 

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