Lactococcus lactis

Ganesan B, P Dobrowski, BC Weimer (2006) Identification of the leucine-to-2-methylbutyric acid catabolic pathway of Lactococcus lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 4264-4273. 

Mierau, I. and Kleerebezem, M. (2005) 10 years of the nisin-controlled gene expression system (NICE) in Lactococcus lactis. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 68 (6), 705—717. 

Snoep, J.L., de Graef, M.R., Westphal, A.H., de Kok, A., Teixeira, de Mattos, M.J. and Neijssel, O.M. (1993) Differences in sensitivity to NADH of purified pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus lactis, Azotobacter vinelandii and Escherichia colt, implications for their activity in vivo. FEMS Microbiology Letters 114, 279-283. 

In the first stage, the pentose xylose was converted by strain Lactococcus lactis to a mixture of lactic and acetic acids. After removal of the cells, Ralstonia eutropha was inoculated in the supernatant in the same fermentor. Cost calcu-... 

Recent results indicate that not only topogenic signals and membrane composition contribute to the proper topology of a membrane protein. The antimicrobial peptide nisin, produced by Lactococcus lactis, kills Gram-positive bacteria via pore formation, thus leading to the permeabilisation of the membrane. Nisin depends on the cell-wall precursor Lipid II, which functions as a docking molecule to support a perpendicular stable transmembrane orientation [43]. 

Obis, D., Guillot, A., Gripon, J. C., Renault, P., Bolotin, A. and Mistou, M. Y. (1999). Genetic and biochemical characterization of a high-affinity betaine uptake system (BusA) in Lactococcus lactis reveals a new functional organization within bacterial ABC transporters, J. Bacteriol., 181, 6238-6246. 

T. Janvilisri, H. Venter, S. Shahi, G. Reuter, L. Balakrishnan, and H.W. Van Veen. Sterol transport by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) expressed in Lactococcus lactis. J Biol Chem. 278 20645-20651 (2003). 

Novella-Rodriguez et al. (2002) tested in vitro the starter bacteria Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis combined with Lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris, and Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, and found that they did not decarboxylate amino acids or produce amines. The conclusion was that the biogenic amine content found in cheese should be attributed to the presence of non-starter bacteria. Some researchers believe that biogenic amines are produced through the interaction of adventitious microorganisms (Joosten and... 

In addition, cofactor engineering has been used to deliberately modify the intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio that plays a predominant role in controlling the Lactococcus lactis fermentation pattern. The introduction of the nox gene, which codes for a NADH oxidase (NOX) that converts molecular oxygen to water at the expense of NADH, to a strain with an inactivated copy of the aldB gene for a-acetolactate decarboxylase led to the efficient metabolism of the na-... 

Arnau J, Jorgensen F, Madsen SM, Vrang A, Israelsen H (1998) Cloning of the Lactococcus lactis adhE gene, encoding a multifunctional alcohol dehydrogenase, by complementation of a fermentative mutant of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 180 3049-3055... 

Figure 10.24 Concentration of individual amino acids in 60-day-old Cheddar cheese, made with a single-strain starter Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris AM2, G11/C25 or HP (from...

Mesophilic Taetmojolk Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis... 

Folkjolk Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis Leuconostoc meserueroides subsp. cremoris... 

Figure 10.31 Citrate metabolism by Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis or Leuconostoc spp. (from Cogan and Hill, 1993).

Engelke, G. Gutowski-Eckel, Z. Kiesau, P. Siegers, K. Hammelmann, M. Entian, K.D. Regulation of nisin biosynthesis and immunity in Lactococcus lactis 6F3. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 60, 814-825 (1994)... 

Yvon, M., Thirouin, S., Rijnen, L., Fromentier, D., and Gripon, J. C. (1997). An aminotransferase from Lactococcus lactis initiates conversion of amino acids to cheese flavor compounds. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 414-419. 

Min et al. [17] Glucose L-Lactate Lactococcus lactis (ATCC 19435) fermentation Glucose oxidase (GOx) or L-lactate oxidase (LOx) with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/in a carbon paste matrix with polyethyleneimine and a polyester sulfonic acid cation exchanger (Eastman AQ-29D) Carbon paste electrode/-50 mV vs. Agf AgCl ... 

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