Aluminum strip

Polyimides of 6FDA and aUphatic diamines with good low temperature processkig and low moisture swelling are known to be useful as hot-melt adhesives (109). Aluminum strips bonded by this polymer (177°C/172 kPa (25 psi) for 15 min) exhibited a lap-shear strength of 53 MPa (7690 psi) at room temperature and 35 MPa (5090 psi) at 100°C. The heat- and moisture-resistant 6F-containing Pis useful ki electronic devices are prepared from... 

The solution was applied to the surface of cold-rolled steel, dip-galvanized steel sheet, and aluminum strip for degreasing and passivating in a single operation at 40°C for 90 s. The surfaces were then lacquered (85-100 pm thickness) and tested in a salt-spray test for 480 h without showing subsurface migration and blistering. The method is especially useful in the automobile industry for coated sheet [191]. 

Figure 2 shows the typical steps in junction preparation. The aluminum strip is evaporated onto a glass slide through a mask. After the surface is oxidized in air or O2 glow discharge, it is... 

The list of suitable applications also includes a variety of special-purpose systems, especially where high lightfastness and durability, but also high heat stability or other perfect fastness properties are a prime concern. This is true, for instance, for coatings to be applied onto aluminum window blinds. Bilaterally coated, usually in pastel colors, these aluminum strips are baked at 250°C or less and subsequently subjected to considerable mechanical stress. 

Fig. 1.19. Metal insuiator-metal tunneling junction. The junction is made through the following steps, (a) The substrate, a glass slide with indium contacts, (b) An aluminum strip is vacuum deposited, (c) The aluminum strip is heated in air to form a very thin (—30 A) aluminum oxide (AI2O3). (d) A lead film is deposited across the aluminum strip, forming an Al-Al203-Pb sandwich. (After Giaever and Megerle, 1961.)...

The neutral plane (point N in Figure 7.10) is the point at which the subtended angle is 9 = Off, and can be found in several ways. A precise method is to balance the entry and exit forces pressures i.e., Pe = Px and solve for H at the neutral plane, Hn, which can then be substituted into Eq. (7.7) to solve for Off. Alternatively, there are empirical relations for Off. Consider the cold-rolling of an aluminum strip that is rolled from 4 mm to 3.3 mm in thickness with a roller 500 mm in diameter. The coefficient of friction is 0.06. 

Hot and cold rolling operations for steel and aluminum strip utilize oil-water emulsions for both lubrication and cooling. 

Aluminum—air battery. A second potential application of this available energy is based on electrochemical oxidation of aluminum in air to produce electricity. In an aluminum—air battery, for example, thin coils of aluminum strip may be used as the fuel. No elech ic battery recharging would be required since the aluminum is consumed to generate the electricity directly. This fuel would not give off fumes or pollute and could be stored in solid form indefinitely. If this concept materializes into commercial viability, it will provide the energy needed for electric vehicles. 

McBride and Hall (37,38) reported the first observation of a controlled catalytic reaction on alumina using IETS. They studied the catalytically induced transfer hydrogenation from water vapor to unsaturated hydrocarbon chains chemisorbed on alumina at both ends of the chain. They absorbed muconic acid ( trans-trans-1,3 butadiene 1,4 dicarboxylic acid, HOOC-CH=CH-CH=CH-COOH ) onto oxidized aluminum strips using the liquid doping technique. The samples were returned to the vacuum system, and in the presence of 0.3 torr of D2O vapor, heated to up to 400° C by passing current through a heater strip evaporated on the back of the glass slide. The films were then allowed to cool and the junctions completed by evaporation of the Pb counter electrode. 

The impedance hygrometer measures the water content of a sample by means of a probe whose electrical impedance is a function of the vapor pressure of moisture in the fluid. The probe consists of an aluminum strip that is anodized to form a porous layer of aluminum oxide. A thin coat of gold is applied over the aluminum oxide. Water vapor penetrates the gold layer and equilibrates on the aluminum oxide. Leads from the gold and aluminum electrodes of the probes connect the sensing element to the measuring circuitry. The moisture content of solids can also be measured indirectly by detecting the moisture in the atmosphere above or near the process solids because the atmosphere near the solids is in equilibrium with the moisture content of the process materials. 

Although most epoxy adhesives have good weather resistance, optimum properties are generally achieved when the adhesive has a combination of good water resistance and thermal shock resistance. Figure 11.6 illustrates the retention of tensile shear strength of copper and aluminum strips bonded with an amidoamine cured epoxy after 2 years of weathering in a temperate climate. 

A trigger guard (optional)may be made by bending a. 5" wide aluminum strip to shape. Secure it to the bottom of the front spacer block and front of the grip. 

C, when the copper and aluminum strips exhibit a temperature rise above the heat sink near 40 °C to 95 °C respectively. 

D. an aluminum strip placed in a solution of copper chloride... 

Fig. 8.12. Nanoelectronic devices (a) Schematic diagram [163] for a carbon NT-FET. Vsd, source-drain voltage Vg, gate voltage. Reproduced from ref [163], with permission, (b) Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) picture of a SWNT field-effect transistor made using the design of (a) the aluminum strip is overcoated with aluminum oxide, (c) Image and overlaying schematic representation for the effect of electrical pulses in removing...

The lap-shear test was used to determine the room-temperature cohesive strength of the modified asphalts and to follow the thickening process in both air and water. Two aluminum strips 1 mm thick and 2.5 cm wide were overlapped 2.5 cm and firmly bonded together with a drop of molten asphalt. The test pieces were held in this position with alligator clips until ready for shear testing. In a few experiments pieces of traprock were polished and similarly bonded together as shown in... 

Spores of B. siearothermophilus ATCC 7953 (or CIP 52.81 or NCTC I(KX)7 or NCIB 81 57) or Chstridium sporogenes ATCC 7955 (or NCTC 8594 or NCIB 8053) are the recognized biological test pieces for sterilization by saturated steam. They may be purchased as spore suspensions that can be inoculated onto test pieces of one s own choosing, or as ready-made test pieces on paper or aluminum strips. An incubation temperature of 55 C should be used to test for viability after exposure. 

Propellant Processing Configuration. The purpose of this test was to observe the behavior of propellant and aluminum as found in a noncontaminated M55 rocket motor and to demonstrate the ability of added water to absorb energy released from the propellant as that energy is conveyed to the offgas treatment system. Actual rockets were not used in the test. Instead, a propellant having characteristics similar to those of an M55 rocket and aluminum strips of the same composition as the fins in an M55 rocket were used. 

The almost endless possibilities of mass spectrometry have been increased by yet another hopeful variant SELDI (surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization). SELDI combines protein chips with a UV-MALDl-TOF. The chips are solid aluminum strips coated with cationic or anionic ion exchangers, with hydrophile or hydrophobic molecules. Chips with activated surfaces are also available. These bind proteins covalently via their amino groups and enable you to coat chips with antibodies or receptors as you need them. Every chip has eight coated holes with a diameter of 1 mm. You apply the sample into the holes. Part of the pro-teins/peptides is adsorbed. The remainder is washed off. The adsorbed proteins/peptides are transferred into matrix and can then be analyzed in the mass spectrometer (Figure 7.8). What can SELDI do better than MALDI ... 

Example 5.3 Internal stresses are developed as a result of shrinkage during adhesive cure. These stresses can be determined by measuring the deflection of an aluminum strip coated on one side with a thin film of the adhesive (Figure E5.3). The maximum in the curve for the unmodified resin was found to coincide with the fragmentation of the adhesive film. Explain the observed deflections imder ambient cure of two such aluminum strips coated, respectively, with a modified and an unmodified UF resin. The modifier is the urea derivative of propylene oxide-based triamine shown in Figure 5.6. 

A low-temperature flexibility apparatus, described in MIL-S-8516 and modified by the addition of insulated walls, was used to bend the coated aluminum strips around the 4-in.-diameter mandrel. This is schematically shown in Fig. 1. The entire apparatus was cooled first with dry ice and then w ith liquid nitrogen. The specimens W ere then inserted and liquid nitrogen was allowed to flow over them for approximately one minute before testing. 

The fixture consisted of a hollow aluminum block with a removable plate forming one wall. An aluminum strip was bonded to this wall with the sealant, and liquid nitrogen was poured into the hollow chamber to cool the entire fixture and strip. The sealant thickness was arbitrarily kept at a nominal re in. A thermocouple embedded in the sealant measured the temperature and monitored the flow of liquid nitrogen. The strips used in the tests conducted during this program were 0.032 x 1 x 6 in. aluminum with a J in. 

Dezincification is the selective corrosion of copper-zinc alloys (brass) with more than 15% zinc, in which porous copper deposits form on the corroded parts. Although less common, similar phenomena have also been observed in other copper alloys such as copper-aluminum (aluminum stripping), copper-tin (detinning), and copper-nickel (nickel stripping). 

A voltaic cell similar to that shown in Figure 20.5 is constructed. One half-cell consists of an aluminum strip placed in a solution of Al(N03)3, and the other has a nickel strip placed in a solution of NiS04. The overall cell reaction is... 

As the size of the reactor was increased over that of the small clean slab, it was necessary to add uniformly distributed poison in the core to hold k-effective to a value close to unity. The poison used in these experiments was type 347 stainless steel in the form of strips 1/8 by 15/16 by 126 in. These were inserted in place of aluminum strips of the same dimensions which were.used to attain the desired Al/HjO volume ratio in the core. Although this substitution changed the Al/H O ratio to some extent, the magnitude of the change was snail and the effect oh the neutron age was also small. 

Gold foils (1 cm square, 0.005 in. thick) were used for exposures in the graphite. The foils were spaced 6 in apui 1/16-in.-thick aluminum strips... 

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