Pricing, steel plate

To adjust for the cost estimating having been done at around the time of the peak in the commodity bubble , three cost factors were considered. In mid-2008 the price of carbon steel plate as an index was up a factor of 1.7 from its average in 2005 to 2007. The price of nickel, which is reflected in the cost of stainless steel and might more accurately track the cost of the process plant capital... 

The cost of the Lasagna process continues to drop with increasing field experience and technology adaptation. Current installation methods and equipment allow the costs to approach 100 per ton. The materials required, iron filings, kaolin clay, and steel plates, are as natural and innocuous as they can be. The cost of materials and rectifiers is determined primarily by steel prices. Electricity costs are only about 10% of the total and may be further managed by negotiation with the electric company. 

Pricing of Steel Plate 331 2. Mill-Gas-cutting Extras per Linear Foot of Cutting... 

Another market appHcation for naphthenic acid is the tire industry, where cobalt naphthenate is used as an adhesion promoter (see Adhesives Tire cords). Cobalt naphthenate improves the bonding of brass-plated steel cords to mbber, presumably by suppressing the de-zincification of brass (50). Its first reported use was in 1970 and the first patent for its use was issued in 1975 (51). About 900 t of cobalt naphthenate is used worldwide as an adhesion promoter, half of it in North America. The unit value fluctuates between 8.75—13.25 /kg because of the volatility of cobalt prices. Although it is the industry standard, the use of cobalt naphthenate is declining with the advent of more economical high metal-containing substitutes. 

Treatment of Industrial Wastes. The alkaline nature and inexpensive price of lime make it ideal for treatment of acid waste Hquors (6), including waste pickle Hquids from steel plants, wastes from metal plating operations, eg, chrome and copper plating, acid wastes from chemical and explosives plants, and acid mine wastewaters. 

FIG. 14-79 Cost of trays in plate towers. Price includes tray deck, bubble caps, risers, downcomers, and structural-steel parts. The stainless steel designated is type 410 Peters and Timmerhaus, Plant Design and Economics for Cbemical Engineers, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1.9.91). 

The most popular method of silver recovery is electrolytic deposition. In an electrolytic recovery unit, a low voltage direct current is created between a carbon anode and stainless steel cathode. Metallic silver plates onto the cathode. Once the silver is removed, the fixing bath may be able to be reused in the photographic development process by mixing the desilvered solution with fresh solution. Recovered silver is worth about 80% of its commodity price. Used silver films also constitute a significant quantity of waste. The film can be sold for silver recovery to many small recyclers. 

A manhole plate for a reactor is to be 2 in. thick and 18 in. in diameter. It has been proposed that the entire plate be made of stainless steel type 316. The plate will have 18 bolt holes, and part of the face will need to be machined for close gasket contact. If the base price for stainless steel type 316 in the form of industrial plates is 4.00 per pound, estimate the purchased cost for the manhole plate. 

Cost of trays in plate towers. Price includes tray deck, bubble caps, risers, downcomers, and structural-steel parts. 

The belt knife design Is available from several manufacturers. The price range In 10 to 30 dollars. Quality Is governed by price. The cheaper plated steel knives are supplied with vinyl beltSi while the high priced units are slainless steel with belts o1 high quality saddle leather. 

Generally, if the geometry of the shell is of a size that can be shop fabricated resulting in a minimum number of segments being shipped to its erection site, steei stacks will be the least expensive. This, of course, is a very general statement in that the plate thickness and unit price of material will be a much greater consideration for taller stacks (150 ft. and above) and those which are not constructed of plain carbon steel. 

Table 2 gives a price scale with reference to carbon steel. The price of steel is very variable depending on country, process, shape, etc. Example of mean prices on the period 1997-2001 recorded by the inspection of several Internet sites are 250/350 /tonne for hot rolled sheets, 350/500 /tone for cold rolled sheets, 400 /tonne for coiled plates. A reasonable composite steel price for process industries purposes would be about 400 /tonne. 

Plate heat-exchangers are usually made from stainless steel, however, to deal with the demands of high temperature applications, such as hydrocarbon steam reforming and partial oxidation reactions, nickel-based alloys may be considered, despite their higher price. 

Note Cost data were based on the average 2005 trading price of cold rolled coil 316 steel at London Metals Exchange and the market prices of the metals. The assumed stack was 6 cells/kW for a FEME C and the dimensions of a bipolar plate are 24 cm X 24 cm x 0.0254 cm (which gives a 400 cm utilization surface area in a 0.01 inch thick sheet). 

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