Postnatal

This seems plausible, as the time at which gonocytes become invasive coincides with periods during postnatal life and puberty when Sertoli cells are producing high amounts of hormones. The malignant gonocytes overexpress c-kit so it is possible that they might proliferate in response to stimulation by stem cell factor secreted by the Sertoli cells. ... 

B2 knockout embryos subjected to salt stress in utero show suppressed renin expression and an abnormal kidney phenotype and develop early postnatal hypertension. Consistently, although basal bradykinin formation is defective tissue kallikrein-null mice have normal blood pressure however suffer from cardiovascular abnormalities. However suggesting a function of kinin signaling during development. 

NHE1 -deficient mice survive into the postnatal period but develop growth retardation, progressive... 

Women taking the barbituratesor the benzodiazepines should be warned of the potential risk to the fetus so that contraceptive methods may be instituted, if necessary. A child born to a mother taking benzodiazepines may develop withdrawal symptomsduring the postnatal period. 

Prenatal and postnatal development, including maternal function... 

Schmidt RR. 1984. Altered development of immunocompetence following prenatal or combined prenatal-postnatal insult A timely review. J Am College Toxicol 3 57-72. 

Developmental Toxicity—The occurrence of adverse effects on the developing organism that may result from exposure to a chemical prior to conception (either parent), during prenatal development, or postnatally to the time of sexual maturation. Adverse developmental effects may be detected at any point in the life span of the organism. 

An additional study reported age-dependent effects. Lakshmana and Raju (1994) found that oral treatment of rat pups with endosulfan from postnatal days 2-10 resulted in changes in the concentration of noradrenalin, dopamine, and serotonin in various brain areas that differed either in magnitude or direction from changes seen in pups treated from postnatal days 2-23. While the results from this study do not necessarily indicate that neonates are more sensitive to the toxic effects of endosulfan, they do show that the duration of exposure in neonates is an important parameter to consider. 

No information was located concerning whether the developmental process is altered in humans exposed to endosulfan either prenatally or postnatally. Studies in animals have provided inconclusive evidence (FMC 1980b, 1981 Gupta et al. 1978 Hoechst 1982, 1984a), and further well-conducted research would be helpful to clarify this issue. 

KHERA AND RUDDicK Polychlowdibenzo-p-dioxins l -Dioxin Postnatal Effects on Progeny... 

Postnatally, until weaning the viability and mean body weight of progeny from dams treated with 800 /xg/kg of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-... 

The postnatal effects of maternal treatment with 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin are summarized in Table VII. No significant changes were found. The progeny on becoming adult were mated within the treatment groups. No effects on male or female fertility, embryonic viability, and total implantation/corpora lutea ratio were observed. 

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