Polyvinyl fluoride plastic

Tedlar DuPont s tradename for its family of biaxial oriented polyvinyl fluoride plastics. 

Fluorinated polymers stand out sharply against other construction materials for their excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability. In this respect they are not only superior to other plastics but also to platinum, gold, glass, enamel and special alloys. The fluorinated plastics used in process plants are polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene/ propylene (FEP), polytrifiuoromonochlorethylene (PTFCE) and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF). They are much more expensive than other polymers and so are only economical in special situations [59]. 

Other fluorine-containing plastics These materials, in general, attempt to compromise between the exceptional end-use properties of p.t.f.e. and the processability of ordinary thermoplastics. Examples include polychlor-trifluorethylene, tetrafluorethylene-hexafluorpropylene copolymers (FEP resins) and polyvinylidene fluoride. Polyvinyl fluoride is available in film form (Tedlar) with excellent weathering resistance. 

Heat-shrinkable tubing is made typically from polyolefins, PVC, polyvinyl fluoride, PTFE, their blends, or blends with other plastics and elastomers. The formulations may be designed for chemical resistance, heat resistance, flame resistance, etc. ... 

Polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride Trichloroethylene, methyl ethyl ketone 1. Abrasion grit or vapor blast or 100-grit emery cloth followed by solvent degreasing. 2. Solvent wipe with ketone. Suitable for rigid plastic. For maximum strength, prime with nitrile phenolic adhesive Suitable for plasticized material... 

The family of FPs, also called fluorocarbon plastics, is based on polymers made of monomers composed of fluorine and carbon may also include chlorine atoms in their structure. Specific types include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene-cohexafluoro-propylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polytrafluoroethylene-coperfluoropropylvinyl ether (PFA), ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE). polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene-chlorotri-fluoroethylene (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), perfluoromethylvinylether (PFMV), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), etc. 

Partially fluorinated fluoropolymers with commercial significance include ethylene-tetrafluoro-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluo-roethylene copolymer (ECTFE), pol wnylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF). The presence of hydrogen in these plastics lowers the fluorine content compared to perfluoropol5miers, and renders them susceptible to some chemicals. This means that care must be taken in the selection of these polymers to insure compatibility of process fluids. 

Fluoropolymers are chemically stable and inert or relatively unreactive. Reactivity, generally, decreases as the fluorine content of the polymer increases. Fluorine induces more stability than chlorine. The fluoropolymer family of plastics has low toxicity and almost no toxicological activity. No fluoropolymers have been known to cause skin sensitivity and irritation in humans. Polyvinyl fluoride contains one fluorine atom and three hydrogen atoms per monomer unit and has been shown to cause no skin reaction in human beings.Excessive human exposure to fluoropolymer resin dust resulted in no toxic effects, although urinary fluoride content increased. 

The two pottant materials studied in this report are plasticized polyvinyl butyral (plPVB) which is easily available and used in safety glass, and a highly stabilized, peroxide crosslinked ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer containing about 33 weight % vinyl acetate (.7). The outer cover/insulator materials studied include polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and a butyl aerylate/methyl methacrylate graft copolymer (BAgMMA) both are blown films. 

Tedlar polyvinyl fluoride film Low-surface-energy plastic 28 mJ/m2... 

The addition of gel-forming components (plasticizers) to polymer electrolytes (see the above) produces gel like structures. Therefore, this type of ion-conducting polymers can also be described as gel polymer electrolytes. Gel polymer electrolytes can also be prepared, if a solution of a salt in an organic solvent is added to a polymer matrix (polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride). The solvent dissolves in the polymer matrix and forms a gel like structure. The conductivity as well as the current density and rate of diffusion, etc., are determined by the mobUity of the solvated ions in the polymer matrix. The transport constants are again proportional to the free volume in the polymer. 

For practical purposes there are eight types of fluoropolymers, as summarized in Table F.7. Included in this family of plastics are polytetrafluoroethylene (FIFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), and others. Depending on which of the fluoropolymers are used, they can be produced as molding materials, extrusion materials, dispersion, film, or tape. Processing of fluoropolymers requires adequate ventilation for the toxic gases (HF) that may be produced. 

Polymers that exhibit the piezoelectric effect include polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, and difluor polyethylene. These polymers acquire their properties through technological processing. The thin plastic foil samples are exposed to strong electric fields and then cooled to room temperature. This process results in a polarization of the material. 

PVDF belongs to the class of fluorinated ethylenes. With two fluorine atoms in the repeat unit, it contains 59.4% fluorine. The structure of the fluorinated ethylenes is shown in Figure 1. Of the four fluoroethylenes of this series, only polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), PVDF, and polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE) are commercially significant and only two i.e. PVDF and PTFE, found extensive applications as engineering plastics. 

However, the curiosity-motivated research on fluoro-oleftn polymers was well rewarded and a variety of novel products tumbled out. First came plastic polyvinyl fluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride each of which had remarkable physical properties. Then Tom Ford discovered that flexible but leathery products were produced when he copolymerized vinylidene fluoride with some unsaturated monomers[3]. Hanford and Roland discovered that a copolymer of propylene with tetrafluoroethylene was rubbery and even recommended that it be cured with radiation or peroxide (Figure 2). About the same time 1 found that plastic polyethylene could be changed to a limp rubbery material by attachment of as little as 5 mol percent of trifluoromethylethylene (Figure 3)[5]. However, with the urgent pressures of the war, there wasn t enough manpower to pursue these leads. Then in the press of the post World War II industrial boom these developments were put aside. There were just too many ripe apples on the tree. 

Other plastics are used in plant structures, although less extensively. Among these are the acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resins, the polyvinyl fluoride resins, the polycarbonate resins, and the polyurethanes. The epoxy resins have been used extensively in structural apph-cations (such as flooring) and adhesives. Specialized apphcations include use in chemically resistant coatings and in plasters for exposed aggregate wall finishes. 

Flame treatment is not effective in the adhesion treatment of perfluoio-plastics. The data in Table 3.5 reveal a large increase in the bond strength of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) after flame treatment. The fluorine-to-carbon OF/V) ratio of PVF remained unchanged but the 0/C ratio increased significantly. In the case of PTFE, the F/C ratio actually increased, which could explain the drop in the bond strength as a result of flame treatment The flame most likely removed contamination that had previously masked some of the F atoms on the surface. 

The compatibilizer improves the mechanical properties of PE/starch, and addition of a plasticizer is actually detrimental to the finished products. Although PE is used here to demonstrate the results of this invention, results are practically the same with other combinations of polymer and compatibilizer as disclosed therein. Incorporation of compatibiHzer is easily accomplished by mechanical blending of the polymer, starch, and compatibilizer prior to extrusion. Typically, the compatibilizer is composed of the same polymer as the primary polymer itself. The polymer component of the compatibilizer may be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polybutylene, poly(styrene-ethyl-ene-butylene-stryrene), poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, or derivatives thereof [6]. 

Abbreviations for plastics ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene CPVC, chlorinated poly vinyl chloride ECTFE, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene ETFE, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene PB, polybutylene PE, polyethylene PEEK, poly ether ether ketone PFA, perfluoroalkoxy copolymer POP, poly phenylene oxide PP, polypropylene PVC, polyvinyl chloride PVDC, poly vinylidene chloride PVDF, poly vinylidene fluoride. 

Plastics Polyvinyl chloride Teflon Polyethylene Polypropylene Kel-F Vinylidine fluoride Saran Epoxies ... 

The polymerization of unsaturated halohydrocarbons has been studied most extensively in the case of vinyl chloride and closely related compounds. Kainer 1S6) published a book recently on polyvinyl chloride and mixed polymers of vinyl chloride. In addition to chlorovinyl polymers, Schildknecht includes fluorovinyl polymers in his book Hl). Books covering plastics generally include material on the halohydrocarbon polymers (14, 144)- Several papers ISS, IS, 135,143) have been published in the last couple of years dealing with the polymerization of fluorine-containing compounds. Articles on polymerization of chloroprene 14 ), fluoroprene 1S8), chlorotrifluoroethylene 140), tetrafluoroethylene 1S9), vinylidene fluoride (157), and dichlorodifluoroethylene 1S7) have appeared in recent years. 

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