Adhesion treatment

Thermodynamical adhesion. Treatment with TCI solution improves the wettability on SBR, due to the creation of surface chemistry and roughness. 

Together, antifreeze, PET, and polyester polymers account for about 98% of the ethylene glycol produced in the United States. It is also used sometimes as a deicer for aircraft surfaces. The two hydroxyl groups in the EG molecule also make EG suitable for the manufacture of surfactants and in latex paints. Other applications include hydraulic brake fluid, the manufacture of alkyd resins for surface coatings, and stabilizers for water dispersions of urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde The hygroscopic properties (absorbs moisture from the air) make EG useful as a humectant for textile fibers, paper, leather, and adhesives treatment. 

Similar to cleaning operations, consolidation and adhesion treatments are usually under analytical control. Measurements of the chemical, morphological, and physical properties of the consolidated material are indispensable to assure the efficiency of the operation. Changes in mechanical strength, color, and gloss, as well as chemical composition are assessed. Studies of stability of consolidants are frequently performed by means of namral and accelerated aging trials. 

Table I. Comparison of Polyetherimide Properties Following Adhesion Treatment...

To obtain statistically valid results the strength of at least 5 joints was determined for each adhesive treatment. 

Butonal . [BASF AG] Butadiene/sty-rene polymer dispersions binders for prod, of adhesives, treatment of asphalt. 

Caresiiie 2000. [BA AG] Bentazon, ist troturon, dichloqntq) binders for >1 of adhesives, treatment of asphalt. 

Assessment of adhesions may manifest as a loss in range of motion, pain with motion, joint stiffness, and unsightly scarring. Animal models that look at adhesion treatments have focused on the relative force required to strip a tendon from its sheath. 

An acrylate-based photocurable ink is used. The surface of the substrate to be printed must be pretreated in several steps, including oxygen plasma treatment, surface hydroxylation, and an anti-adhesion treatment. Onto this surface, the ink can be printed by the drop-on-demand method. The angle of the lenses depends on the method of pretreatment (20). 

Similar high-quality rubber-to-textile adhesion can be obtained with glass and polyester woven fabrics. Also corded fabric (e.g. tyre cord) reacts in a similar manner to give bond strength breaks within rubber (R-R) when diisocyanates, such as MDI, are used as adhesive treatments. 

The measured increase due to the aramid adhesion treatment was different for each test 60 % in bundle pull-out, = 28 % in the 3-point, s 40 % in the 4-point short-beam and, = 60-80 % in transverse bending strength. Further improvement of the off-axis strength of aramid-epoxy composites is limited by the shear and transverse strength of the aramid fibres. In spite of the considerable adhesion improvement aramid-epoxy composites still have a lower shear and transverse strength than glass and carbon fibre composites. However, the corresponding strains are approximately equal because of the lower aramid-epoxy shear and transverse moduli. 

Generally cotton fabrics do not require any adhesive treatment, as adhesion is largely obtained by mechanical methods, due to the embedding of the free fibre ends into the polymer matrix to which the fabric is being bonded. This mechanism has been studied [3] and a relationship found between the number of protruding fibre ends and the level of adhesion obtained. 

With cotton-based fabrics, the basic adhesion is achieved purely by mechanical means, due to the embedding of the individual fibre ends within the rubber matrix [3]. On peeling the bond, it is necessary either to pull these fibre ends out of the rubber or, if this force is greater than the tensile strength of the fibres, to break the fibres. This mechanical adhesion applies basically to all staple fibre-based fabrics, where there is no additional adhesive treatment. However, in the case of the synthetic staple fibres, the individual fibres are smooth and cylindrical, compared with the rougher surface produced by the scales on the cotton fibre surface. The adhesion levels obtained with these yarns are significantly lower than with cotton. 

Boersma, F. (1998). A review of adhesive treatments used in 20th century Dutch textile conservation with particular reference to a 19th century banner re-treated in 1991. In J. Lewis (Ed.), Adhesive treatments revisited (pp. 68-80). United Kingdom Institute for Conservation. 

Narang, U. Adhesive treatment for oral fungal infection. U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. US 2003007947, 2003 Chem. Abstr. 2003, 138, 95591. 

Flame treatment is not effective in the adhesion treatment of perfluoroplastics. The data in Table 5.7 reveal a large increase in the bond strength of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and ethylene chlorotrifluoro-ethylene (ECTFE) after flame treatment. Fluorine-to-carbon ratio (F/C) of PVF remained unchanged but 0/C ratio increased significantly. In the case of FI FE, F/C ratio actually increased, which could explain the... 

This fluoropolymer has excellent chemical resistance. See Chapter 6 for more information about adhesion treatment of ECTFE. ... 

This high-temperature-resistant polymer can be easily processed by conventional methods, including extrusion and injection molding. It can be joined by screw assemblies, snap-fit, press-fit, cold or hot heading, spin-welding, and heat-bonding. See Chapter 6 for more information about the adhesion treatment of ETFE. 

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