Polystyrene, copolymers properties

Kim, J., Kim, B., Jung, B., Kang, Y. S., Ha, H. Y, Oh, I. H. and Ihn, K. J. 2002. Effect of casting solvent on morphology and physical properties of partially sulfonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene copolymers. Macromolecular Rapid Communication 23 753-756. 

If we consider that cell adhesion under biological circumstances is mainly brought about with the aid of preadsorbed protein on the material s surface, we may explain the unique behavior of amino-containing materials against the cell-adhesion process in terms of the reduced residence-time of protein molecules at the interface. Actually, a recent study [129] revealed that the surface of polyamine-gra/t-polystyrene copolymer (SA) containing 6 wt.% polyamine portion exhibited a minimal adsorptive property against bovine plasma fibronectin (FN) and vitronectin (VN), both of which are known to mediate cell-adhesion processes. 

K-Resin SB Copolymer/Crystal Polystyrene Sheet Property Modification with High Impact Polystyrene, Plastics Technical Center Report 409, Chevron Phillips Chemical Co., Bartlesville, OK. 

INVESTIGATION OF CELLULOSE-POLYSTYRENE COPOLYMER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. HEAT CONDUCTIVITY. 

Table 2-5. Effect of Varying Check Valves and Processing Conditions on Final Physical Properties of Dry Blended Polystyrene Copolymer.

Blends are physical mixtures of pol5uners rather than monomers. Like copolymers, properties and processing characteristics are often very different from those of the component polymers and also vary with the ratio of components. Unlike copolymers, blend properties can be sensitive to processing conditions. Miscible blends mix on a molecular level to produce a single phase and exhibit a single transition temperature that corresponds to the blend composition. The most important commercial miscible blend is polystyrene-polyphenylene... 

The question then arises of whether these BNC materials are mixtures of BN and graphite or whether they are ternary compounds in which a carbon has been inserted into the BN lattice structure. A number of other workers have proposed the formation of ternary BNC materials by CVD reactions. Given that wo have previously shownl that the carbon polymer backbone of poly(vinylpentaborane) becomes incorporated into the B4C ceramic produced upon polymer thermolysis, it is reasonable that the BNC materials formed from pyrolyses of poly(vinylborazine) or the poly(vuiylborazine)/polystyrene copolymers, discussed below, may also be ternary materials. We are presently investigating the properties of these materials. 

Weld lines and mechanical properties of injection molded polyethylene/polystyrene/copolymer blends. Polym. Eng. Sci.. 34,1202-1210. 

To study the solution property of novel amphiphilic hyperbranched graft copolymer chains, we further prepared amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(acrylic acid) grafted with short polystyrene copolymer (HB-PAA- -PS) with a large hydro-phihc hyperbranched PAA core and short hydrophobic PS grafted chains. The copolymer chains with different branching degrees of PAA core were carefully prepared and well confirmed by SEC, H NMR, and FT-IR. As well, the... 

Pticek, A., Hrnjak-Murgic, Z., Jelencic,)., and Kovacic, T. (2005). Study of the effect of structure of ethylene-propylene-diene-graft-polystyrene copolymers on their physical properties. Poiym. Degrad. Stab., 90, 319-325. 

Styrene—acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers [9003-54-7] have superior properties to polystyrene in the areas of toughness, rigidity, and chemical and thermal resistance (2), and, consequendy, many commercial appHcations for them have developed. These optically clear materials containing between 15 and 35% AN can be readily processed by extmsion and injection mol ding, but they lack real impact resistance. 

The alcohols, proprietary denatured ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, are commonly used for E-type inks. Many E-type inks benefit from the addition of small amounts of ethyl acetate, MEK, or normal propyl acetate to the solvent blends. Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are used for M-type inks. Polystyrene resins are used to reduce the cost of top lacquers. T-type inks are also reduced with aromatic hydrocarbons. Acryflc resins are used to achieve specific properties for V-type inks. Vehicles containing vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate copolymer resins make up the vinyl ink category. Ketones are commonly used solvents for these inks. 

Styrene is a colorless Hquid with an aromatic odor. Important physical properties of styrene are shown in Table 1 (1). Styrene is infinitely soluble in acetone, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, ether, / -heptane, and ethanol. Nearly all of the commercial styrene is consumed in polymerization and copolymerization processes. Common methods in plastics technology such as mass, suspension, solution, and emulsion polymerization can be used to manufacture polystyrene and styrene copolymers with different physical characteristics, but processes relating to the first two methods account for most of the styrene polymers currendy (ca 1996) being manufactured (2—8). Polymerization generally takes place by free-radical reactions initiated thermally or catalyticaHy. Polymerization occurs slowly even at ambient temperatures. It can be retarded by inhibitors. 

OC-Methylstyrene. This compound is not a styrenic monomer in the strict sense. The methyl substitution on the side chain, rather than the aromatic ring, moderates its reactivity in polymerization. It is used as a specialty monomer in ABS resins, coatings, polyester resins, and hot-melt adhesives. As a copolymer in ABS and polystyrene, it increases the heat-distortion resistance of the product. In coatings and resins, it moderates reaction rates and improves clarity. Physical properties of a-methylstyrene [98-83-9] are shown in Table 12. 

Some commercial durable antistatic finishes have been Hsted in Table 3 (98). Early patents suggest that amino resins (qv) can impart both antisHp and antistatic properties to nylon, acryUc, and polyester fabrics. CycHc polyurethanes, water-soluble amine salts cross-linked with styrene, and water-soluble amine salts of sulfonated polystyrene have been claimed to confer durable antistatic protection. Later patents included dibydroxyethyl sulfone [2580-77-0] hydroxyalkylated cellulose or starch, poly(vinyl alcohol) [9002-86-2] cross-linked with dimethylolethylene urea, chlorotria2ine derivatives, and epoxy-based products. Other patents claim the use of various acryUc polymers and copolymers. Essentially, durable antistats are polyelectrolytes, and the majority of usehil products involve variations of cross-linked polyamines containing polyethoxy segments (92,99—101). 

Acrylic Resins. The first synthetic polymer denture material, used throughout much of the 20th century, was based on the discovery of vulcanised mbber in 1839. Other polymers explored for denture and other dental uses have included ceUuloid, phenolformaldehyde resins, and vinyl chloride copolymers. Polystyrene, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, and acryHc resins have also been used for dental polymers. Because of the unique combination of properties, eg, aesthetics and ease of fabrication, acryHc resins based on methyl methacrylate and its polymer and/or copolymers have received the most attention since their introduction in 1937. However, deficiencies include excessive polymerization shrinkage and poor abrasion resistance. Polymers used in dental appHcation should have minimal dimensional changes during and subsequent to polymerization exceUent chemical, physical, and color stabiHty processabiHty and biocompatibiHty and the abiHty to blend with contiguous tissues. 

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