Fibronectin plasma

Masaoka, T., F. Akahori, S. Arai, and K. Sakaguchi. 1987. Effect of paraquat on plasma fibronectin, serum free hydroxyproline, serum ceruloplasmin and lung collagen content in monkeys. J. Toxicol. Sci. 12 329-340. 

If we consider that cell adhesion under biological circumstances is mainly brought about with the aid of preadsorbed protein on the material s surface, we may explain the unique behavior of amino-containing materials against the cell-adhesion process in terms of the reduced residence-time of protein molecules at the interface. Actually, a recent study [129] revealed that the surface of polyamine-gra/t-polystyrene copolymer (SA) containing 6 wt.% polyamine portion exhibited a minimal adsorptive property against bovine plasma fibronectin (FN) and vitronectin (VN), both of which are known to mediate cell-adhesion processes. 

Humphries, K., Komoriya, A., Akiyama, S., Olden, K., and Yamada, K. (1987). Identification of two distinct regions of the type III connecting segment of human plasma fibronectin that promote cell type-specific adhesion. J. Biol. Chem., 262, 6886-6892. 

Some proteins, such as plasma fibronectin and albumin, interact with fibrin to alter clot structure and properties, although the former becomes crosslinked to fibrin while the latter does not. As a result of these and other interactions, fibrin clots formed in plasma have very different properties than those made with purified proteins (Blomback et al, 1994 Carr, 1988 Shah et al., 1987). Albumin has significant effects on the extent of lateral aggregation, yielding either thicker or thinner fibers depending on its concentration and other experimental conditions (Galanakis et al, 1987 Torbet, 1986). 

Zhu, B. C. R., Fischer, S. F., Pande, H., Calaycay, J., Shively, J. E., and Laine, R. A. 1984. Human placenta (fetal) fibronectin Increased glycosylation and higher protease resistance than plasma fibronectin. J. Biol. Chem. 259 3962-3970. 

Grinnell F, Feld MK (1981) Adsorption characteristics of plasma fibronectin in relationship to biological-activity. J Biomed Mater Res 15 363-381... 

Izzard, C. S., Radinsky, R., and Culp, L. A., Substratum contacts andcytoskeletal reorganization of BALB/c3T3 cells on a cell-binding fragment and heparin-binding fragments of plasma fibronectin. Experimental Cell Research 165,320-336 (1986). 

Fibronectin is present in plasma, subendothelium and platelet alpha granules. Despite containing the RGD sequence, the role of fibronectin in adhesive and cohesive properties of platelets seems less important. It has been suggested that plasma fibronectin would not be required for platelets to adhere on vascular extracellular matrices [45]. However, studies with plasma depleted of fibronectin seem to indicate that this adhesive protein could play a role in mediating adhesion of platelet and thrombus formation on collagen rich surfaces [46]. As will be commented on later, the mote recent studies suggest that vascular fibronectin would mediate platelet adhesion under certain experimental conditions [47]. 

MacDonald, D.E. et al., Physico-chemical properties of human plasma fibronectin binding to well characterized titanium dioxide. Colloids Surf. B, 11, 131, 1998. 

Fig. 12. Structures of the major asparagine-linked glycans of human plasma fibronectin. Data from Takasaki et al.[215].

Quiros J. Gonzalez-Cabrero J, Herrero-Beaumont G, Egido J. Elevated plasma fibronectin levels in rats with immune and toxic glomerular disease. Renal Failure 1990 12 227-232. 

Using this method, we constructed a number of dynamic adsorption isotherms for several proteins on different surfaces. Here we present information for two proteins. The adsorption isotherm for bovine serum albumin (BSA) (87% monomer, 13% dimer described by the supplier as 100% monomer) is shown in Figure 6. A plateau concentration for BSA on an amine/ silane surface was 3.5 mg/m2, which is comparable with monolayer adsorption reported previously in a static system (3). [The effect of flow rate, ionic strength, and temperature is reported elsewhere (18).] Perhaps more interesting are the data for plasma fibronectin (produced and purified extensively in our laboratory), because adsorption characteristics of this protein have not been reported elsewhere. Since it is a protein intimately involved in cellular adhesion, its surface behavior is particularly relevant to implant biocompatibility. We found a plateau uptake of approximately 7.0 mg/m2 on both amine and dimethyldimethoxymethylsilane, and based on the assumption of monolayer coverage and a published axial ratio (20), we calculated that the molecule has dimensions of approximately 130 X 80 X 100 A. 

Figure 4. Human plasma fibronectin sprayed onto the surface of polystyrene (Panels A and B), and the surface of carbon (Panels C and D). The scale bar represents 100 nm.

Protein Purification. Canine plasma fibronectin was used in this study in order to correlate these in vitro studies with canine ex vivo experiments involving preadsorbed canine proteins. Canine FN was isolated from citrated canine plasma using the methods of Ruoslahti (11). The FN was suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 0.02% NaN3, and then snapfrozen and stored at -70 C until less than 24 hours before use. The protein was then snapthawed at 40 C, filtered (0.22 ym Millex GV, Millipore,... 

In contrast, the glycoproteins fibrinogen, gammaglobulin and plasma fibronectin, evaluated in single protein species adsorption studies, all exhibited more extensive coating of the surfaces, with a characteristic reticulated pattern (Fig. 3a) ( ). The extent of... 

Studies of the interaction of concanavalin A with 267 tryptic fragments from plasma fibronectin... 

Furie MB, Frey AB, Rifkin DB (1980) Location of a gelatinbinding region of human plasma fibronectin. J Biol Chem 255 4391-4394... 

Fibronectin A family of closely related adhesion glycoproteins, Mj 200,000-250,000, which arise by the alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. F. is found both as a cell surface protein of the extracellular matrix (also known as Cell Surface Protein, Galac-toprotein A, Large External Transformation Sensitive Protein, Surface Fibroblast Antigen, and Zeta or Z Protein), and in plasma. Plasma fibronectin is incorporated into fibrin clots and is cross-linked to the fibrin, probably via a Gln-Lys transamidation reaction. 

---