Polymeric scaffold

Multiple applications for resilin-like polypeptides have garnered renewed research interest since the report of the first recombinant resilin in 2005. The excellent mechanical properties of the resilin-like polypeptides has directed investigation toward their use as high-performance materials and in tissue engineering applications. It is widely acknowledged that cells interact and take cues from their microenvironment and, therefore, the development of polymeric scaffolds to mimic the extracellular matrix and drive desired cell or tissue responses has been of wide interest. To this end, our laboratories have developed a modular resilin-like polypeptide (RLP12) (see Fig. 20) that contains not only twelve repeats of the... 

Advances in Tissue Engineering Approaches to Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Cells and Polymeric Scaffolds for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration... 

Stubbs LP, Week M. Towards a universal polymer backbone design and synthesis of polymeric scaffolds containing terminal hydrogen-bonding recognition motifs at each repeating unit. ChemEur J 2003 9 992-999. 

STRATEGIES TOWARD NONCOVALENT SIDE CHAIN FUNCTIONALIZATION OF POLYMERIC SCAFFOLDS... 

Gomes, M. E., Ribeiro, A. S., Malafaya, R. B., Reis, R. L., Cunha, A. M. (2001). A new approach based on injection moulding to produce biodegradable starch based polymeric scaffolds Morphology, mechanical, and degradation behaviour. Biomaterials., 22, 883-889. 

Abstract Carbohydrates have been investigated and developed as delivery vehicles for shuttling nucleic acids into cells. In this review, we present the state of the art in carbohydrate-based polymeric vehicles for nucleic acid delivery, with the focus on the recent successes in preclinical models, both in vitro and in vivo. Polymeric scaffolds based on the natural polysaccharides chitosan, hyaluronan, pullulan, dextran, and schizophyllan each have unique properties and potential for modification, and these results are discussed with the focus on facile synthetic routes and favorable performance in biological systems. Many of these carbohydrates have been used to develop alternative types of biomaterials for nucleic acid delivery to typical polyplexes, and these novel materials are discussed. Also presented are polymeric vehicles that incorporate copolymerized carbohydrates into polymer backbones based on polyethylenimine and polylysine and their effect on transfection and biocompatibility. Unique scaffolds, such as clusters and polymers based on cyclodextrin (CD), are also discussed, with the focus on recent successes in vivo and in the clinic. These results are presented with the emphasis on the role of carbohydrate and charge on transfection. Use of carbohydrates as molecular recognition ligands for cell-type specific dehvery is also briefly... 

F2450-04 ASTM Standard guide for assessing microstructure of polymeric scaffolds for use in tissue engineered medical products. 

Storrie, H., and Mooney, D.J. (2006) Sustained delivery of plasmid DNA from polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 58 500-514. 

The 10 best polymers were reprepared in larger amounts to confirm their properties, and each preparation was repeated twice to check if the random disposition of the acid-derived functional groups on the polyamine backbone was influencing the reducing efficiency. All the polymers were confirmed as active, and the two batches showed comparable activities, confirming the reproducibility of this synthetic method. Several crude indications in terms of SAR were identified, and a structural specificity of reducing efficiency was clearly present, albeit difficult to rationalize. For example, compare the activity of similar composites 11.27 (40% yield) and 11.29 (1.3% yield). Many modifications of the polymeric scaffold (different average MWs, increase of... 

Cu(I)-catalysis. Because of the high efficiency of this reaction, a number of various side-chain modified polymers can be prepared, starting from only a few polymeric scaffolds. 

Functional biomaterials that support growth of cells and tissues in 3-D are divided into two categories polymeric scaffolds and hydrogels. These structures not only provide mechanical support of cells, but also provide necessary chemical and biological signals to allow cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. 

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