Polyester composite

Polyester composition can be determined by hydrolytic depolymerization followed by gas chromatography (28) to analyze for monomers, comonomers, oligomers, and other components including side-reaction products (ie, DEG, vinyl groups, aldehydes), plasticizers, and finishes. Mass spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy can provide valuable composition information, including end group analysis (47,101,102). X-ray fluorescence is commonly used to determine metals content of polymers, from sources including catalysts, delusterants, or tracer materials added for fiber identification purposes (28,102,103). 

Novel polyester compositions have also been derived from dicyclopentadiene [77-73-6] (DCPD), which can enter into two distinct reactions with maleic anhydride to modify properties for lower cost. These compositions have effectively displaced o-phthaUc resins in marine and bathtub laminating apphcations. 

Cross-linked polyester composites have a relatively low coefficient of thermal conductivity that can provide beneficial property retention in thick laminates at high temperatures as well as remove the need for secondary insulation. The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass-reinforced composites is similar to aluminum but higher than most common metals. 

These materials, when exposed to continuous high humidity, especially in the presence of an electrical field, hydrolyze into the acid and alcohol precursors from which they are made. The acid plus water present make a conductive material that will cause the material to short the electrical circuit. The process by which the decomposition of the TS polyester takes place is very gradual at first and then accelerates so that extended testing of the material is necessary to be sure that the particular polyester composition used is resistant to hydrolytic degradation. 

Shellac is a complex mixture made of mono- and polyesters of hydroxy-aliphatic and sesquiterpene acids, which can be separated into two fractions the soft resin, soluble in ether, mainly consisting of monoesters [134], constituting about 30% of the total resin and the hard resin, ether insoluble, which has quite a complex polyester composition, and... 

Polyester-6/oe/ -polycarbonate, 7 646 Polyester bottles, recycling, 20 54-56 Polyester can coatings, 13 39 Polyester carbonates, 19 822 Polyester-carboxyl powder coatings 1998 production, 7 49 Polyester composites, cross-linked, 20 114 Polyester composition, determining, 20 21 Polyester diols, 25 476... 

Reimer-Tiemann reaction, 6 236 of salicylic acid, 22 5 Reinforced composites flax fiber in, 22 594 silylating agents and, 22 701-703 Reinforced plastics, 26 750-751 asbestos applications, 3 311 Reinforced polyester composites, 20 114 Reinforced reaction injection molding (RRIM), 25 456 Reinforcement... 

This report provides an overview of some of the newer polyester compositions based on CHDM. The basic properties and chemistries of PCT have been described in earlier reviews [9, 13]. The CHDM-based polyesters covered in this review are PCT, PCTG, PCTA, and PETG. These compositions are described in more detail in the sections that follow. 

The following definitions have been traditionally used in the trade to describe the range of CHDM-based polyester compositions ... 

PCT describes a polyester composition prepared from CHDM and DMT (or TPA). The abbreviation PCT is thus derived from the technical name for the polymer, i.e. poly(l,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate), or PCT. This material is a highly crystalline, high-melting polyester, with the following structure ... 

The selection of monomers for preparation of copolyesters is based on applying established structure/property principles and is usually driven by new market needs and applications with specific end-use properties in mind. Thus, attempts to develop amorphous or semicrystalline CHDM-based polyester compositions for applications requiring greater heat resistance or higher heat deflection temperatures have generally followed the theme of incorporating bulky or rigid constituents to further enhance the desirable thermal properties of CHDM-based... 

Deyrup, E. J., Toughened thermoplastic polyester compositions, US Patent 4 753 980 (to DuPont Company, Wilmington, DA), 1988. 

Table 15.2 Selected properties of 30% glass-fiber-reinforced (GFR) thermoplastic polyester composites [15-17]...

Bier, P. and Binsack, R., Polyester compositions which crystallize rapidly, US Patent 4 435 546, 1984. 

Haylock, J. C., Tuller, H. W. and Bander, J. A., Polyester compositions containing ester of polyfunctional high molecular weight alcohol, US Patent 4 731 404, 1988. 

Brink, A. E., Glass fiber reinforced polyester composites, presentation given at the Gordon Conference on Composites, Ventura, CA, 10-15 January, 1997. 

The growth of unsaturated polyesters will continue to be fueled by their versatility and their ability to provide cost-effective solutions to end-use requirements. Unsaturated polyester composites will continue to provide solutions to engineering demands for corrosion resistance, strength-to-weight and cost performance. Marine, transportation and construction opportunities currently identified and being developed will provide growth beyond the existing applications presented. Some examples are as follows ... 

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