Poly chip

Poly Pross light/dark Disco Inc. 1.20 0.02 60 (chips) fatty acid blends... 

Lee, K. J. Tosser, K. A. Nuzzo, R. G. 2005. Fabrication of stable metallic patterns embedded in poly(dimethylsiloxane) and model applications in non-planar electronic and lab-on-a-chip device patterning. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15 557-566. 

The grating-coupled nanoporous-silica-supported reverse waveguide chip was also applied for monitoring the attachment and spreading of Human Dermal Fibroblast cells to the surface16. As in the bacteria experiments, the waveguide surface was coated with a thin layer of poly-L-lysine layer to improve cell attachment and spreading. 

The major drawback of poly(p-xylylene) is that it reverts to a monomer when thin films are heated above ca. 400°C and it cracks when the films are annealed at 300-350°C in nitrogen. During module assembly the chip-joining (soldering)... 

Figure 5.5 Effect of temperature on the SSP reaction rate for (a) small, and (b) large chips of PET [13]. Reprinted from Polymer, 39, Huang, B. and Walsh, J. J., Solid-phase polymerization mechanism of poly(ethylene terephthalate) affected by gas flow velocity and particle size, 6991-6999, Copyright (1998), with permission from Elsevier Science...

Karp JM, Yeh J, Eng G, Fukuda J, Blumling J, Suit KY, Cheng J, Mahdavi A, Borenstein J, Langer R, Khademhosseini A (2007) Controlling size, shape and homogeneity of embryoid bodies using poly(ethylene glycol) microwells. Lab Chip 7 786-794. 

Although Parylene-N possesses an outstanding combination of physical, electrical, and chemical properties, the benzylic C—H bonds present are potential sites for thermal and oxidative degradation. It is well known that replacing a C— bond with a C—F bond not only enhances the thermal stability of the resulting polymer, but also reduces the dielectric constant. Because incorporation of fluorine is known to impart thermal and oxidative stability, it became of interest to prepare poly(a,a,a, a -tetrafluoro- p -xylylene), Parylene-F Joesten reported that the decomposition temperature of poly(tetrafluoro-j9-xylylene) is ca. 530°C. Thus, it seemed that the fluorinated analog would satisfy many of the exacting requirements for utility as an on-chip dielectric medium. 

Polycarbonates differ mechanically from the epoxy resins they resemble chemically because polycarbonates are plastics. They can be molded or extruded from chips or crumbs. The products have high impact strength and can be used to make sturdy films and transparent forms. That makes poly-... 

Other early work includes that of Moody et al. (2001) who spotted anticytokine monoclonals onto the bottom of polystyrene microtiter plates (Max-isorp, Nalge Nunc) and measured cytokine levels in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Finally, although not strictly a microarray, the microwell array system developed by Michael Snyder s group at Yale University to measure kinase activity is a simple and elegant approach (Zhu et al., 2000). The "protein chip" is comprised of microwells fabricated in a flexible elastomer of PDMS [poly(dimethylsiloxane)] substrate by a molding process. 

The issue of whether to use the enriched poly(A) RNA or total RNA was addressed in a later paper by Mahadevappa and Warrington (1999). Using human adenocarcinoma cells, they examined the recovery of detectable transcripts from varying numbers of cells for both protocols. Of the -1800 genes represented on the chip, about 35% were observed to be detectable using either of the two preparahons. 

Fig. 21 Representative microfluidic device and resulting data from ATRP on a chip a image of a microfluidic device (dimensions 25 mm x 75 mm) fabricated from UV curable thiolene resin between two glass slides b reaction data for ATRP of HPMA synthesized on a chip showing the correlation of flow rate (or residence time) to reaction time and resulting conversion of monomer (M) to polymer (ln([M]o/[M]) c comparison of number average molecular mass (M ) and poly-dispersity for -butyl acrylate prepared in a traditional round bottom flask ( Flask ) and on a chip ( CRP Chip ). (Reproduced with permission from [102])...

Mourzina, Y., A. Steffen, D. Kalyagin, R. Carius, and A. Offenhausser. Capillary zone electrophoresis of amino acids on a hybrid poly(dimethylsiloxane)-glass chip. Electrophoresis 26, 1849-1860 (2005). 

Qi, S., X. Liu, S. Ford, J. Barrows, G. Thomas, K. Kelly, A. McCandless, K. Lian, J. Goettert, and S. A. Soper. Microfluidic devices fabricated in poly(methyl methacrylate) using hot-embossing with integrated sampling capillary and fiber optics for fluorescence detection. Lab on a Chip, 2, 88-95 (2002). 

Wang, J., M. Pumera, M. P. Chatrathi, A. Escarpa, R. Konrad, A. Griebel, W. Domer, and H. Lowe. Towards disposable lab-on-a-chip Poly(methylmethacrylate) microchip electrophoresis device with electrochemical detection. Electrophoresis 23, 596-601 (2002). 

Lee NY, Jung YK, Park HG. On-chip colorimetric biosensor based on polydiacetylene (PDA) embedded in photopolymerized poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) hydrogel. 

S. Ferko, V. A. VanderNoot, J. A. A. West, R. Crocker, B. Wiedenman, D. Yee, and J. A. Fruetel, Hand-Held Microanalytical Instrument for Chip-Based Electrophoretic Separations of Proteins, Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 435 J. G. E. Gardeniers and A. van den Berg, Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Monitoring, Anal. Bioanal. Chem 2004,378, 1700 J. C. McDonald and G. M. Whitesides, Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as a Material for Fabricating Microfluidic Devices, Acc. Chem. Res. 2002,35, 491 Y. Huang,... 

K. M. Walsh, and R. S. Keynton, Fully Integrated On-Chip Electrochemical Detection for Capillary Electrophoresis in a Microfabricated Device, Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 3690 M. L. Chabinyc, D. T. Chiu, J. C. McDonald, A. D. Strook, J. F. Christian, A. M. Karger, and G. M. Whitesides, An Integrated Fluorescence Detection System in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) for Microfluidic Applications, Anal. Chem 2001, 73, 4491. 

Polymer beads have also been tagged by treating them after each new diversity-introducing reaction with dye-containing, colloidal silica particles, which can be irreversibly adsorbed on the surface of the beads with the aid of polyelectrolytes such as poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(acrylic acid) [42,43]. Larger portions of support can also be linked to a chip that enables electronic tagging with a radio emitter [44-46]. 

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