Grating coupling

The affinity (interaction strength), multiple interactions, and the changes in concentration can be also monitored from those studies. To deliver data in real time, the natural phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is employed. Since the refractive index (r ) at the interface changes as molecules are immobilized on the sensor surface, instant measure of r provides real-time assessment. The Tlcxchip platform exploits grating-coupled SPR (GC-SPR) for this purpose. 

Malins C., Hulme J., Fielden P.R., Goddard N.J., Grating coupled leaky waveguide micro channel sensor chips for optical analysis, Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem 2001 77 671 -678. 

Several techniques can be employed to couple an optical beam propagating in free space into a thin-film optical waveguide. Grating coupling and prism coupling (Fig. 15.4) are briefly outlined here, since these methods are applied in actual reverse waveguide and MCLW configurations, respectively. 

Fig. 15.8 Comparison of resonant peak position (a) and peak amplitude (b) transduction for a grating coupled reverse waveguide. Reprinted from Ref. 36 with permission. 2008 American Institute of Physics...

The grating-coupled nanoporous-silica-supported reverse waveguide chip was also applied for monitoring the attachment and spreading of Human Dermal Fibroblast cells to the surface16. As in the bacteria experiments, the waveguide surface was coated with a thin layer of poly-L-lysine layer to improve cell attachment and spreading. 

P. Zory and L. D. Comerfold, Grating-coupled double-heterostructure AlGaAs diode lasers, IEEE J. Quant. Electron QEll, 451-457 (1975). 

A. Larsson, N. Eriksson, S. Kristjansson, P. Modh, M. Uemukai, T. Suhara, and H. Nishihara, Grating coupled surface emitters integrated lasers, amplifiers, and beam shaping outcouplers, SPIE 3626, 190-200 (1999). 

Spex II, Model 1403) with 1800 grooves mm-i holographic gratings coupled to a photomultiplier (RCA) with associated electronics (EG G Princeton Applied Research, Model 1112). 

Figure 4. Techniques for coupling an external radiation field into optical waveguides (a) prism coupling, (b) grating coupling, and (c) end-fire coupling.

Fig. 22 Thin-plate waveguide sensorgrams obtained with a grating-coupled, 52- im-thick glass plate for three different aqueous cover media, tic = 1-331 (pure water), 1.342 (water with 5% NaSCN), and 1.354 (water with 10% NaSCN) [35]...

Fig. 3 Schematic illustrating methods of coupling incident light into the waveguide, (a) Simple end firing, (b) Prism coupling, typically requires the presence of index matching fluid, (c) Grating coupling...

Fig. 8 Light coupling methods into waveguides, (a) Grating coupling, (b) prism coupling, (c) front-face coupling via optical lens (d) front-face coupling via optical fiber...

Fig. 7 Optical waveguide-coupling methods, (a) end-firing focused beam and end-firing optical fiber (b) prism coupling (c) grating coupling...

Pitch Size Effect On Quantitative Active Surface Plasmon Grating Coupled Emission... 

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