Polimeri Europa

Today, Nd-BR is industrially produced in Brazil, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan and the USA. The current producers of Nd-BR are listed in alphabetical order Chi Mei, Japan Synthetic Rubber [95], Jinzhou Petrochemical Co. (part of PetroChina), Kar-bochem, Korea Kumho, Lanxess (formerly Bayer), Nizhnekamskneftekhim, Petroflex, and Polimeri Europa (formerly Enichem etc.). Amongst these producers Lanxess and Polimeri have been operating at full production since the early to mid 1980s. Chi Mei, Japan Synthetic Rubber, Jinzhou Petrochem-... 

Pneusmarket S.p.a. MARANGONI SPA POINT P COMPAGNIE DE SAINT-GOBAIN SA Polartech NEWMARKET CORPORATION Polimeri Europa SpA ENI SPA... 

Polimeri Europa S.p.A- Istituto Guido Donegani, Via Eauser, 4, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy... 

Polimeri Europa SpA Istituto Donegani, Novara, Italy... 

Polimeri Europa Centro Ricerche Novara Istituto G. Donegani ... 

G. Giannotta Polimeri Europa Centro Ricerche Novara Istituto G. Donegani Via G. Fauser 4 1-28100 Novara, Italy... 

Two HDPEs showing different ESC behaviour were kindly supplied by Polimeri Europa SpA (Italy). ESC testing results on notched samples (Bell test) together with some other general physical and mechanical properties are given in Table 1. 

Polimeri Europa LLDPE, LDPE, EVA high pressure autoclave and tubular (separate processes) organic peroxides, Ziegler-Natta High pressure processes operate 200-300 Mpa for LDPE and EVA (EAA and EMA also available) ZN catalysts operate 50-80 MPa for LLDPE. 

As discussed in Chapter 2 (sections 2.2 and 2.3), safety is a key consideration in high pressure processes. Handling organic peroxides presents potential hazards, but another serious concern is the possibility of ethylene decomposition within the reactor. High pressure processes must be designed to relieve pressure rapidly to prevent catastrophic explosions. Mirra of Polimeri Europa has described a reactor safety discharge system that quenches hot gases if an ethylene "decomp" takes place (4). 

Oxidative carbonylation of methanol to DMC, which takes place in the presence of suitable catalysts, has been developed industrially by EniChem (later Polimeri Europa). Carbonylation/transesterification of ethylene oxide to DMC via ethylene carbonate is also an attractive route. However, this route is burdened by the complexity of the two-step process, the co-production of ethylene glycol (even if it... 

A non-phosgene process for the production of methyl isocyanate, starting from methylamine and diphenyl carbonate as raw materials, has been established by EniChem/Polimeri Europa, resulting in the commercialization of two production units in the USA (1988) and China (1994) [78]. 

Several industrial units have been revamped or realized with new zeolite catalysts operating in the liquid-phase. MCM-22 has been successfully applied in a new process called EBMax and licensed by Mobil/Raytheon since 1995. Zeolite Beta has been successfully employed by Polimeri Europa (formerly EniChem) in the revamping of an existing E B unit in 2002. An energy-saving process for EB production based on catalytic distillation (CDTECH EB) also uses a modified zeolite Beta as catalyst. 

Table 13.1 gives a typical material balance of the alkylation section. Notably, however, depending on the specific technology and catalyst offered by each cumene licensor, raw material consumption may be in some cases significantly better. As an example, a total amount of heavies as low as 0.0031 per t of cumene is now claimed by Polimeri Europa. 

Polimeri Europa has developed a technology based on the direct alkylation of benzene with 2-propanol (thus avoiding its dehydration stage) where the acetone recycle versus the acetone sale profitability is claimed at acetone to propylene sale prices ratio equal or lower to 0.6. 

Figure 13.7 Polimeri Europa TS-1/H202 process block scheme.

Table 13.5 Polimeri Europa TS-I/H2O2 process material balance.

Application The Polimeri/Lummus process is used to produce high-purity cumene from propylene and benzene using a proprietary zeolite catalyst provided by Polimeri Europa. The process can handle a variety of propylene feedstocks, ranging from polymer grade to refinery grade. 

Ghirardini, M. and Tampieri, M. (2005) Polimeri Europa Cumene Phenol processes, in Handbook of Petrochemicals Production Processes (ed R.A. Meyers), McGraw-Hill. 

The results of our investigation in this field, in collaboration with Polimeri Europa (now Versalis S.p.A., Eni Group), have convinced us that the presence of variable amounts of polar cosolvents was crucial to operate under homogenous and mild conditions (<80 °C). We also proposed the possible use of tiny amounts of acetaldehyde to initiate the radical chain even at ambient temperature [24],... 

TS-1 as a new commercial catalyst of ENI company was reported by Perego et al. (218) Polimeri Europa s Web site (operated by ENI) (114) gives more details, from the properties of TS-1 to its applications. The catalyst capacity that is being newly installed amounts to more than 100 t/yr. The commercial products come in the form of extrudates for use in fixed-bed reactors or as microspheres for use in slurry reactors. The average bulk density of the extrudates is 650 kg/m, and that of the microspheres is 600 kg/m. ... 

Figure 2.77 Tensile stress vs. strain for Polimeri Europa Kostil ...

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