Plastics cellophane

Glycerine is used as a moisturizing substance in tobacco, shaving and toilet soaps, cosmetics and lotions, and in the manufacture of plastics, cellophane, water colors, printing-press ink, ointment, antifreeze and dynamite. 

Multiwax W-145A plasticizer, cellophane lacquers Dicyclohexyl phthalate, Edenol DCHP plasticizer, cellulose 1,2,4-Butan l plasticizer, cellulose acetate 4-t-Butylphenot, Citroflex 2 Diethyl phthalate. Dimethyl phthalate, Palatinol A Palatinol K Palatinol M Phosflex 4 Plasticizer CEL Rit-Cizer 8 TBP Uniplex 108... 

Benzyl phthalate N,N-Butyl benzene sulfonamide Isodecyl benzoate Naphthenic oil Polypropylene glycol dibenzoate plasticizer, cellophane lacquers Dicyclohexyl phthalate plasticizer, cellulose 1,2,4-Butanetriol plasticizer, cellulose acetate Benzyl benzoate 4-t-Butylphenol Diethyl phthalate Dimethoxyethyl phthalate Glyceryl acetate... 

Compositions of this type are usually coated to tape-backings (paper, plastic, cellophane, cloth). The coated substrate should adhere tenaciously on application of light pressure, yet allow a clean release. 

Some common flake-shaped LCMs consist of shredded cellophane and paper, mica (qv), rice hulls, cottonseed hulls, or laminated plastic. These materials He flat across the opening to be sealed or are wedged into an opening such as a fracture. Some are sufficiently strong to withstand considerable differential pressure, whereas others are weak and the seal may be broken easily. Weaker flake materials typically are used near the surface or in combination with fibrous or granular additives. 

Plastics and Other Synthetic Products. Sulfur is used in the production of a wide range of synthetics, including cellulose acetate, cellophane, rayon, viscose products, fibers, and textiles. These uses may account for 2% of sulfur demand in developed countries. Sulfur intermediates for these manufacturing processes are equally divided between carbon disulfide and sulfuric acid. 

The positive plates are siatered silver on a silver grid and the negative plates are fabricated from a mixture of cadmium oxide powder, silver powder, and a binder pressed onto a silver grid. The main separator is four or five layers of cellophane with one or two layers of woven nylon on the positive plate. The electrolyte is aqeous KOH, 50 wt %. In the aerospace appHcations, the plastic cases were encapsulated in epoxy resins. Most usehil cell sizes have ranged from 3 to 15 A-h, but small (0.1 A-h) and large (300 A-h) sizes have been evaluated. Energy densities of sealed batteries are 26-31 W-h/kg. 

Use of carbon disulfide for manufacture of cellophane [9005-81-6] has dropped dramatically because of competition from plastic films, and just one cellophane producer, Flexel, Inc., remains in the United States. 

Most of the above can be made into plastic films - primarily used for wrapping. Film properties vary widely from permeable for food to impermeable to preserve dryness. Paper, treated or untreated, has been used for many years as a covering film, but has low strength when wet and is difficult to make transparent. In the 1920s, the transparency of cellophane revolutionized wrap. It is regenerated cellulose, like viscose rayon, except it is extruded in sheet instead of fiber, unfortunately it is sensitive to water and humidity. 

S-30S Cellophane and rayon (based on wood), medicinals, photographic chemicals, nylon, plastics... 

The antiinflammatory properties of such topical agents as halcinonide are usually determined by a vasoconstrictor assay. Topically applied corticosteroids cause a blanching at the site of application, which can be the forearm or the upper back of healthy adults where stratum corneum is removed with cellophane tape. ° The test areas, containing various concentrations of halcinonide, are occluded with plastic wrap and are evaluated on an all-or-none basis. Percutaneous absorption studies with 0.1%... 

Miscellaneous Cellophane, explosive and miscellaneous plasticizer, humedant and lubricant uses)... 

Cellophane is, after chemical modification, obtained from the cellulose in wood, just as paper (from cellulose and lignin), cellulose fibres ( rayon ), and cellulose plastics. Leather is made from animal hides in a tanning process. 

Wet a sheet of filter paper a little bit larger than the gel with 5% glycerol in water. Place this sheet on the porous surface of the apparatus, lay the gel onto the paper, and cover it with wetted cellophane or another type of plastic foil. 

The Food and Dmg Administration (1999) permits the use of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the United States as a component of adhesives used in food packaging, as a plasticizer in resinous and polymeric coatings used in food packaging, as a component of defoaming agents used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard used in food packaging, as a flow promoter in food contact surfaces not to exceed 3 wt% based on monomers, as a component of cellophane where total phthalates do... 

According to the 1981-83 National Occupational Exposure Survey, as many as 15 600 workers in the United States were potentially exposed to di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (NOES, 1999). Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation, mainly as an aerosol, during its manufacture and its use, particularly as a plasticizer of PVC films and in other materials used in food packaging such as adhesives, cellophane and hydroxy ethyl cellulose films. Exposure may also occur during the manufacture of rubber products, nonferrous wire, cosmetics, lubricants and hydraulic fluids (Opresko, 1984). No measurements of di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate exposure in manufacturing and processing industries are available. 

LDPEs are flexible and include numerous plastic items such as plastic wraps (cellophane), grocery and trash bags, and diaper lining. 

Hydrolysis of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. The production of oxygenated aliphatics by the hydrolysis of chlorinated hydrocarbons includes the synthetic glycerol process and the amyl alcohols process. Glycerol (7) is made from propylene via allyl chloride (CH2 CHCH2C1), and competes with glycerol made from fats and oils for use in dynamite and alkyd resins, as a tobacco humectant and cellophane plasticizer, in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and for other applications. Amyl alcohols have been made since 1926 by the alkali hydrolysis of a mixture of amyl chlorides, made by the chlorination of pentanes from natural gasoline. Production from this source far exceeds the supply from the fusel oil by-product of fermentation processes. Amyl alcohol and its derivatives are used mainly as solvents. 

List these plastics in order of the year in which they were developed cellophane, celluloid, collodion, Parkesine, PVC, Teflon, viscose. 

For longer term storage, gels may be stored wet at 4°C. The wet gel should be wrapped in a piece of plastic wrap. This permits handling the gel without risk of breakage. The wrapped gel can be stored in a sealable bag for <1 year at 4°C. To preserve gels indefinitely, they may be either vacuum dried onto filter paper or air dried between sheets of cellophane. 

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