Cellophane tape

Cellophane tape is used for finding the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis or Taenia species from the perianal area. The tape used must be clear cellophane and not slightly cloudy or opaque. Alternatively, a Vaspar swab may be used. Specimens from more than 1 day may be required to diagnose light infections. 

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The reagent is conveniently stored as a solution in isopropyl alcohol. The molten (or solid) alkoxide is weighed out after distillation into a glass-stoppered bottle or flask and is dissolved in sufficient dry isopropyl alcohol to give a one molar solution. This solution may be kept without appreciable deterioration provided the glass stopper is sealed with paraffin wax or cellophane tape. Crystals of aluminium isopropoxide separate on standing, but these may be redissolved by warming the mixture to 65-70°. 

A simpler method would be using seratehing knives and making small squares in the surfaee (minimum 100) around I mm for primer and 2 mm for the final surface and applying adhesive cellophane tape 25.4 mm wide, with an adhesion strength of 40 2.8 g/mm then pulling it off suddenly. Not more than 5% of the squares must peel off. 

When a pinworm infection is suspected, the nurse takes a specimen from the anal area, preferably early in the morning before the patient gets out of bed. Specimens are taken by swabbing the perianal area with a cellophane tape swab. 

The antiinflammatory properties of such topical agents as halcinonide are usually determined by a vasoconstrictor assay. Topically applied corticosteroids cause a blanching at the site of application, which can be the forearm or the upper back of healthy adults where stratum corneum is removed with cellophane tape. ° The test areas, containing various concentrations of halcinonide, are occluded with plastic wrap and are evaluated on an all-or-none basis. Percutaneous absorption studies with 0.1%... 

Sample thickness and sample uniformity present serious problems. The ideal sample is a uniform foil or a homogeneous solution. For metals the optimum thickness is in the micron range. Most of the samples studied here were powders, ground to pass 300 mesh, dispersed in a ductile microcrystalline wax. This wax dispersion is then spread to a uniform film across a sample holder window. The window has dimensions 3 X 17 mm. Adhesive cellophane tape is frequently spread over the window to assist in the mounting and supporting of the sample. 

Pour the flash-powder into the glow-plug and seal it in place with a piece of cellophane tape. 

The coatings were scored (crosshatched) with a razor, and adhesion was determined by the conventional cellophane tape test. The tape was pressed firmly against the coating and then jerked up. If any trace of the coating was removed by the tape on several tests, the coating was considered to have failed the test. The results obtained by the scored cellophane tape test are listed in Tables II and III. All coated specimens used for this test were dried for 2 hours at 115°C to ensure complete removal of all solvents, but a 1-hour drying period at 23 °C was sufficient for many of the coatings to pass the cellophane tape test. 

Determined by crosshatched cellophane tape adhesion test (+ is pass — is fail). 

All the coated samples listed in the tables were heated in an oven for 2 hours at 115 °C to ensure the removal of all solvent. Drying at room temperature, however, was sufficient for many of the coatings to pass the cellophane tape test. The cellulose acetate butyrate blends with 1% of each of the four carboxylated polyesters in Table II, for instance, passed the adhesion test on steel after the coatings had dried at 23 °C for only 0.5 hour, and the blends with 1% of the polyesters having acid numbers of 39-126 passed the adhesion test on aluminum. 

The method proposed by Horii et al.13 was used for the measurement of free amino acid. The SC was stripped with adhesive cellophane tape (Cello-tape, Nichiban Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The tape was immersed in toluene to remove the SC, which was then washed with toluene several times and dried in a vacuum desiccator. One milligram of dried sample of SC was precisely weighed and homogenized with 0.1 % of sulfosalicylic acid. After centrifugation the supernatant was analyzed with a high-speed amino acid analyzer (Model 835, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) to determine the level of total... 

The method of Denda et al.14 was used to measure ceramides. After SC was stripped with adhesive cellophane tape, it was removed from the tape and washed several times with hexane, followed by drying in a vacuum desiccator. Lipids were extracted from the SC sample in a mixture of chloroform and methanol (2 1). Ceramides were separated with a silica gel column (Bond Elut SI, Analytichem International, United States) and purified for measurement by gas chromatography (GC-14A, Shimazu Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Japan). The composition of ceramides was obtained by high-performance thin layer chromatography and scanned on a recording photodensitometer (TLC Scanner CS930, Shimazu, Japan). 

Previously13 investigators usually used back or forearm skin for the experiment. It was easier to induce scaly skin on back skin than on forearm skin. In the case of back skin, we stripped SC nine times with adhesive cellophane tape. At that time, the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) value was over 10 mg/cm2/h and most of the SC was removed. In the case of forearm, to induce dry, scaly skin, stripping for 30 to 50 times was needed. One week after treatment, TEWL was higher than the normal level, skin surface conductance decreased, and SC cell area also decreased (Table 10.1). The skin surface became scaly and flaky. Figure 10.1 shows skin surface pictures of the forearm skin with and without barrier disruption. Abnormal scaling is observed on the surface of skin, which was treated with tape stripping. These phenomena are commonly observed in natural dry skin, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. 

FIGURE 10.1 Dry, scaly skin induced by tape stripping (a) and untreated control (b). Forearm skin was stripped with adhesive cellophane tape 50 times, and 1 week later, skin surface was observed with a microvision system (Hi-Scope, NH-2000, Panasonic, Japan). 

Figure 10. Cellophane tape/water interaction Frequency = 2.5 MHz.

There is clear relationship between the mass of a chemical residing in the stratum comeum that has been washed 30 min after application and the eventual penetration that can be measured in urine and/or blood. This principle has led to a facile method for estimating percutaneous absorption in animals and man. One samples and measures stratum comeum content with cellophane tape sampling. This method... 

Whole-animal studies assess the percent of the applied dose absorbed into the body using classic techniques of bioavailability, where absorbed chemical is measured in the blood, urine, feces, and tissues with mass balance techniques. Recently, methods have been developed to assess absorption by measuring the amount of chemical in the stratum comeum because it is the driving force for diffusion. Cellophane tape strips are collected 30 minutes after chemical exposure and the amount of drug assayed in these tape strips correlates to the amount systemically absorbed. If the focus of the research is to determine the amount of chemical that has penetrated into skin, core biopsies may be collected and serially sectioned, and a profile of the chemical as a function of skin depth may be obtained. 

Gather these materials Two test tubes 2 small jars some cellophane tape some black construction paper hydrogen peroxide (H2Osj) 2 upright stands 2 test tube holders 2 wooden splints. 

Follow this procedure Cover one test tube completely (except the mouth) with black construction paper. Use the cellophane tape to fasten the construction paper to the test tube. Also cover the outside of one jar. Fill both jars with hydrogen peroxide. Fill the uncovered test tube with hydrogen peroxide, and cover its mouth with your thumb. Invert the tube in the jar that is not paper-covered. Push the mouth of the tube about inch below the surface of the hydrogen peroxide, and then fix the tube in that position with a test tube holder, attached to an upright stand. 

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