Plasticizer compound

Plastics carboys Plastics compounding Plastics, engineering Plastic sheet Plastics processing Plastics testing Plastic tapes Plastic working Plastiform Plastisols... 

Plastics. In the plastics industry, the term filler refers to particulate materials that are added to plastic resins in relatively large, ie, over 5%, volume loadings. Except in certain specialty or engineering plastics appHcations, plastics compounders tend to formulate with the objective of optimizing properties at minimum cost rather than maximizing properties at optimum cost. Table 2 fists typical plastic fillers and their uses. 

Plastics Compounding 1994/95 Redbook, Advanstar Comm. Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, 1994, p. 50. 

L. Leonard, ed.. Plastics Compounding 1995j96 Kedbook, Advanstar Communications, Cleveland, Ohio, 1995. 

Antimony tris(isooctylthioglycolate) has found use in pipe formulations at low levels. Its disadvantage is that it cross-stains with sulfide-based tin stabilizers (122). Barium—zinc stabilizers have found use in plasticized compounds, replacing barium—cadmium stabilizers. These are used in mol dings, profiles, and wire coatings. Cadmium use has decreased because of environmental concerns surrounding certain heavy metals. 

ASTM D2287 PVC nonrigid (plasticized) compound cell classification ... 

Pipe fittings require quite high tensile and creep resistance they are thus molded from compounds that have less melt flow than for thin-waHed housings. Plasticized compounds are injection-molded into a variety of parts requiring elastomeric properties. 

Plasticizers and Processing Aids. Petroleum-based oils are commonly used as plasticizers. Compound viscosity is reduced, and mixing, processing, and low temperature properties are improved. Air permeabihty is increased by adding extender oils. Plasticizers are selected for their compatibihty and low temperature properties. Butyl mbber has a solubihty parameter of ca 15.3 (f /cm ) [7.5 (cal/cm ) ], similar to paraffinic and naphthenic oils. Polybutenes, paraffin waxes, and low mol wt polyethylene can also be used as plasticizers (qv). Alkyl adipates and sebacates reduce the glass-transition temperature and improve low temperature properties. Process aids, eg, mineral mbber and Stmktol 40 ms, improve filler dispersion and cured adhesion to high unsaturated mbber substrates. 

In water-wall incinerators. The internal walls of the combustion chamber are lined with boiler tubes that are arranged vertically and welded together in continuous sections. When water walls are employed in place of refrac toiy materials, they are not only useful for the recovery of steam but also extremely effective in controlling furnace temperature without introducing excess air however, they are subject to corrosion by the hydrochloric acid produced from the burning of some plastic compounds and the molten ash containing salts (chlorides and sulfates) that attach to the tubes. 

It is desirable that the plasticizer compounded with a polymer be permanently retained. Loss of plasticizer changes the properties of a given formulation, and can be produced by volatilization, extraction or migration. The volatility of a plasticizer in a formulation can be related to the surface area, thickness of the polymeric material, and viscosity (e.g. molecular weight) of the plasticizer itself. 

Process in which heated or unheated plastic compound is forced through an orifice, forming a continuous arlicle. 

Manufacture of plastic compounds involve operations allied to many in chemical field and vary with the basic process employed. 

Petroleum is Petrochemicals plus One or more Plasticizers, stabilizers, The plastics compounds These solid shapes In some cases... 

The amorphous TPs, which have their molecules going in all different directions, are normally transparent. Compared to crystalline types, they undergo only small volumetric changes when melting or solidifying during processing. Tables 6-5 to 6-9 compare the basic performance behaviors of crystalline and amorphous plastics. Exceptions exist, particularly with respect to certain plastic compounds that include additives and reinforcements. 

A three-year joint European project, RECAM, recommends that it should be possible to colleet more than 50% of carpet waste in Western Europe. High-grade materials such as PA and PP could be recovered for the manufacture of engineering plastics compounds and more than 8 million Gigajoules of energy could be reeovered from the remainder. At the heart of the proj ect are ehemieal recycling processes developed by both DSM and Enichem. 

Compound 1 is used as a solvent in the food, paint, resin/plastics, soap and woodpulp/paper industries, and as a plasticizer. Compound 2 is used as an intermediate for the manufacture of hydraulic fluid additives and cosmetics. Sulphonal (2 2-his(ethylsulphonyl)-propane), another important sulphone, is a colourless solid, stable to acids and alkalis, with hypnotic properties. 

Relatively few descriptions of direct mass spectral analysis of plastics compounds have appeared in the literature [22,37,63,240,243], Additives in PP were thermally desorbed into a heated reservoir inlet for 80 eV EI-MS analysis [240], Analysis of additives in PP compounds via direct thermal desorption ammonia CI-MS has been described [269] and direct mass spectrometric oligomer analysis has been reported [21],... 

Todd, D. B. (ed) Plastics Compounding Equipment and Processing. (1998) Hanser Gardner Publications, Cincinnati. 

Fig. 3. Oxygen Index Test of Polylite 33-442 Containing Dibromoneopentyl Glycol, ZB - Zinc Borate, Sb - Antimony Oxide. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 2. Copyright Plastics Compounding 1985).

Plastics Compounding Redbook, 19 543 Plastics fabrication 20 222-223 microwave technology in, 16 530 Plastic sheet specifications, 16 291 Plastic sheet thermoforming, 23 399 Plastics industry, titanium dioxide in, 25 25-26... 

Fillers and reinforcements, in Plastics Compounding Redbook, Leonard, L. (Ed.), Advanstar Communications, Cleveland, OH, 2000, pp. 47-58. 

ISO 458-2 1985 Plastics - Determination of stiffness in torsion of flexible materials -Part 2 Application to plasticized compounds of homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride... 

Plasticizers. Compounds added to high molecular weight polymers to give them flexibility, softness, and stretch. Plasticizers can be added mechanically at the compounding or shaping stage or chemically by copolymerization. For example, dioctyl phthalate is mechanically added to PVC vinyl acetate is copolymerized with PVC. Plasticizer content can vary from 5—40%. 

Pol Tner Nanocomposites are novel plastic compounds with a filler having dimensions between 1 and 100 nm. They have attracted much attention in the past because nanocomposites exhibit markedly improved properties like stiffness, thermal flammability, improved barrier properties and others compared to the unfilled matrices [3], Among all potential fillers, those based on easily available clay and layered silicates have been more widely investigated for some time now. 

Black, T., Single-Screw Compounding, in Plastics Compounding Equipment and Processing, Todd, D.B. (Ed.), Hanser Publishers, Munich (1998)... 

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